高考语法复习专题十一： 虚拟语气在从句中的应用.docxVIP

高中语法专题：虚拟语气在从句中的应用 虚拟语气除主要用于条件句(也就是状语从句)夕卜，还可用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句等。 1. Wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气 与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时：I wish he were more careful. 与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时(或would / could+have +过去分词)：I wish I hadnt said that. 表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would (could/might) +动伺原形：I wish I could speak your language. 2.if only后的句子用虚拟语气 if only与I wish 一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与wish后所接时态的情况相同。如: If only I werent so nervous.但愿我不这样紧张。 If only I had listened to your advice!我要是听了 你的劝告就好了 ！ as if (though)从句用虚拟语气 以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气.I love you as if you were my son. 与现在事实相反，用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；表示将来的可能性不大，用would (might, could)4-动词原形。 注：若从句所内容可能为事实，也可用陈述语气。如：It seems as if we shall have to walk.似乎我们得步行了。 If s time (that) .…后的从句用虚拟语气：从句谓语用过去式或者should do (其中should不可以省略)。 Its time we ordered dinner. / I think its time you made up her mind. 注：time 前有时有 about 和 high 修饰 would rather后句子用虚拟语气 “宁愿……” 一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表过去的愿望。 Id rather you didnt do it. / I would rather you didnt mention the price. 某些用虚拟语气的从句，谓语用(should) do : “一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command) 三个建议(advise, suggest, propose, recommend) 四个要求(demand, require, request, ask) I insisted that he (should) stay. / The doctor advised that he change his job. 注：动词insist, suggest后接宾语从句时，若从句内容尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若从句内容已经成为事实，则用陈述语气。 He insisted that I had read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。 He insisted that I should read his letter.他坚持要我看他的信。 7.某些用虚拟语气的主语从句：形容词important, 7.某些用虚拟语气的主语从句：形容词important, 语气，谓语用(should) do:如: It is impossible that he should leave here. / It is necessary that he be sent there at once. 虚拟式动词原形亦常用在独立句中，表愿望 The devil take you!见鬼去吧!So be it then.就那样吧。Long live the Communist Party of China! The devil take you!见鬼去吧! So be it then.就那样吧。 God damn it!该死的! 从句中的虚拟时态往往不受全句时态影响。 I suggest that we should go tomorrow.我建议我们明天走。 I suggested that we should go the next day.我建议我们第二天走。 She said, t4If I were a boy I would join the army7,她说，“我如是男孩，就参军。” She said that if she were a boy, she would join the army.她说她如是男孩就参军。 If I you, I w