血糖再认识专题知识讲座.pptVIP

首先关注HbA1c。这是英国一项前瞻性流行病学研究，纳入4662名男性和5570名女性，从95年开始纳入，随访至03年。观察HbA1c水平和心血管事件的关系。结果发现二者呈线性相关。 Background: Increasing evidence suggests a continuous relationship between blood glucose concentrations and cardiovascular risk, even below diagnostic threshold levels for diabetes. Objective: To examine the relationship between hemoglobin A1c, cardiovascular disease, and total mortality. Design: Prospective population study. Setting: Norfolk, United Kingdom. Participants: 4662 men and 5570 women who were 45 to 79 years of age and were residents of Norfolk. Measurements: Hemoglobin A1c and cardiovascular disease risk factors were assessed from 1995 to 1997, and cardiovascular disease events and mortality were assessed during the follow-up period to 2003. Results: In men and women, the relationship between hemoglobin A1c and cardiovascular disease (806 events) and between hemoglobin A1c and all-cause mortality (521 deaths) was continuous and significant throughout the whole distribution. The relationship was apparent in persons without known diabetes. Persons with hemoglobin A1c concentrations less than 5% had the lowest rates of cardiovascular disease and mortality. An increase in hemoglobin A1c of 1 percentage point was associated with a relative risk for death from any cause of 1.24 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.34; P 0.001) in men and with a relative risk of 1.28 (CI, 1.06 to 1.32; P 0.001) in women. These relative risks were independent of age, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol concentration, cigarette smoking, and history of cardiovascular disease. When persons with known diabetes, hemoglobin A1c concentrations of 7% or greater, or a history of cardiovascular disease were excluded, the result was similar (adjusted relative risk, 1.26 [CI, 1.04 to 1.52]; P 0.02). Fifteen percent (68 of 521) of the deaths in the sample occurred in persons with diabetes (4% of the sample), but 72% (375 of 521) occurred in persons with HbA1c concentr