细胞生物学：chap10细胞连接.pptVIP

* * Integrins are able to bind substances both the plasma membrane and to transmit signals between outside and inside cells. For example, platelet/blood clot formation, T-lymphocyte /immune-reaction; integrin/mitosis, integrin/cancer metastasis etc. *双向信号转导： 胞内信号外传 胞外信号内传 *有些整合素处于持续的活化状态，有些整合素则需活化后才能与配体结合. * (3) transmiting signals Giancotti Ruoslahti (1999) Integrin signaling. Science 285: 1028-1033 Matrix binding promotes integrin clustering and association with the cytoskeleton. * Figure?Cells can regulate the activity of their integrins.?In (A) cell activation leads to a change in the extracellular binding site of the integrin so that it can now mediate cell adhesion. In (B) the tyrosine phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tail of the integrins impairs their ability to bind to the actin cytoskeleton. As integrins must bind to the cytoskeleton to mediate robust cell-matrix adhesion, the phosphorylation causes the integrins to relax their grip on the extracellular matrix. 胞内信号外传 胞外信号内传 Integrins Mediated Cell Death and Survival * （1）牛皮藓：β1整联蛋白的合成失控（过多） （2）白细胞粘附缺陷（CAD）： 患者缺乏β2 亚单位的白细胞整联蛋白 （3）哮喘、关节炎：整联蛋白的β2 亚单位过度表达 （4）癌细胞转移： 某些类型的蛋白酶与整联蛋白结合，使其丧失了粘附作用 * 3.Integrins and diseases Integrin : avb6 expressed only by epithelial cells expressed during wound healing and development promotes secretion of MMP9, invasion, motility upregulated during some epithelial cancers eg SCC and may promote this cancer Normal epithelium Squamous carcinoma * * 细胞的六种粘着方式 细胞生物学 * 细胞连接与黏附 1.名词： 细胞连接；紧密连接；锚定连接；黏合斑； 桥粒；半桥粒；通讯连接；间隙连接； 细胞黏附；细胞黏附分子 2.简述细胞连接的分类与各种连接的功能。 3.简述各类细胞黏附分子的结构特点及功能。 思考题 * 1 * 1 * E-cadherin------ Epithelia cell N-cadherin------ Nerve cell P-cadherin-------Placenta * * (C)As the patterns of gene expression change, the different groups of cells segregate from one another according to the cadherins they express.在神经系统发育形成神经管时，那些即将形成神经管的外胚层细胞停止表达E-cadherin，开始表达N-caherin和其他黏附分子并形成神经管;进一步发育，那些将要脱离神经管形成神经嵴的细胞又停止表达N-cadherin，而表达c