北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关因素.docVIP

北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关因素 目录 TOC \o 1-9 \h \z \u 目录 1 正文 1 文1：北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关因素 1 1 对象与方法 3 2 结 果 3 3 讨 论 5 文2：徐州市区空巢老人心理健康状况及其相关因素 7 1 对象与方法 7 2 结 果 8 3 讨 论 10 参考文摘引言： 11 原创性声明（模板） 11 文章致谢（模板） 12 正文 北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关因素 文1：北京市高校离退休老人心理健康状况及其相关因素 【Abstract】Objective To investigate mental health status of retired elderly from univeities in Beijing and its related 304 retired older adults from univeities in Beijing were tested by mental health inventory for Chinese elderly（Urban Veion）and selfmade Results The scores of mental health of retired elderly from univeities were significantly higher than those of norms in China and these trends were more evident in oldold age group than those in the youngold age. There were no significant age, sex, educational, marriage and family structurerelated differences in mental health. In addition, adaptive ability of elderly from relative emptynest family was better than those from absolute emptynest. Mental health status of those retired were positively predicted by satisfaction with parentchild relatiohip and health, physical exercise and economic status. Conclusio Education is a strong protective factor of mental health status of retired elderly from univeities in Beijing. Relative emptynest family structure may be the best fit for them. Satisfying parentchild relatiohip and good health, physical exercise and economic status could help to improve mental health level of them. 【Key words】Mental health; Retired elderly; Intellectual 1990年人口普查资料表明，北京市老年人口中大专以上文化程度者占总数的%〔1〕，全市老年人口的文化水平显著高于全国其他城市。但“空巢”现象也十分突出，尤其是相对空巢（子女都在北京或有子女在北京，但不在一起吃住）率较高。因此，关注北京高校离退休老人群体，对其心理健康状况开展研究具有重要的前瞻意义，目前关于这一群体心理健康的研究还很有限。有报道关于北京市高校离退休干部的心理健康研究，使用老年抑郁量表（GDS）作为心理健康的评估工具〔2〕，而抑郁作为一种特殊情绪问题不能全面反映正常老年人的心理健康状况，并且研究没有关注到家庭结构对高校离退休老人心理健康的影响；关于北京市科教系统离退休老人的心理健康状况调查〔3〕，所得数据未能与全国常模进行比较，且没有深入分析心理健康的影响因素。因此，本文以北京市高校离退休老人为研究对象，以最新的全国城市老年人心理健康常模为参照标准，探讨现阶段北京市高校离退休老人的心理健康状况。 1 对象与方法 对象 北京市海淀区大学离退休处及职工居住区随机取样，进行问卷调查，共发出