新型可见光催化剂制备及其处理重金属污染物的性能研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 18 新型可见光催化剂制备及其处理重金属污染物的性能研究 摘要：六价铬是一种常见的重金属污染物。本研究通过对在可见光下有较好光催化效率的氧化铋加载碘形成氧化铋与碘氧化铋的复合物（Bi2O3-BiOI），并通过负载碘化银提高其电子-空穴的分离效率，成功制备了碘化银、氧化铋和碘氧化铋的复合物（AgI/Bi2O3-BiOI）。复合催化剂对六价铬的还原性能以及其他影响因素进行了详细的研究。结果表明：碘化银负载量为10%，氧化铋、碘氧化铋的比例为1：1时制备的复合光催化剂具有最佳的催化能力；常用的煅烧处理并不能提升复合催化剂的性能；酸性条件有利于获得更好的催化能力。另外通过添加有机物模拟废水环境，本催化剂对重金属铬与有机物协同处理表现出了极佳的性能。 关键词：可见光六价铬氧化铋碘氧化铋碘化银光催化 Study on the Preparation of Novel Photocatalyst and Its Performance on the Elimination of Heavy Metal Pollutants Abstract: Hexavalent chromium is a common kind of heavy metal pollutant. In this paper, By loading iodine onto bismuth oxide which owns better photocatalytic efficiency under visible light, a compound (Bi2O3-BiOI) of bismuth oxide and bismuth oxyiodide is formed. By adding silver iodide, the separation efficiency of electrons and electron holes is improved. The compound of silver iodide, bismuth oxide and bismuth oxyiodide is prepared, namely, AgI/Bi2O3-BiOI. Besides, the properties of reduced hexavalent chromium and the influencing factors of these properties are explored. The results show that, the catalyst prepared in this study has the optimum catalytic capability when 10% silver iodide is added and the ratio of bismuth oxide to bismuth oxyiodide is 1:1; yet, after its physical properties are changed at a calcination, these properties are a bit weakened; under the acidic conditions, this catalyst can obtain better catalytic capacity. In addition, by adding organic matters to simulate wastewater environment, this catalyst shows excellent performance on coprocessing of heavy metal chromium and organic matters. Finally, the synergy effects of different organic dyes are compared. Keywords: Visible Light; Hexavalent Chromium; Bismuth Oxide; Bismuth Oxyiodide; Silver Iodide; Photocatalysis 1引言 1.1 研究背景 工业废水中有毒重金属离子的释放会对生态系统带来严重负面影响。由于其在水环境中溶解度较高，重金属可以很容易的被生物体吸收[1,2]。例如，重金属六价铬具有高急性毒性和致癌性[3,4]， 是冶金工业、金属加工电镀、制革、颜料、纺织品生产、印染以及化工等行业不可缺少的原料，这类工业企业每天排放出大量含铬废水，而且分布十分广泛，因此许多地区都有或多或少的铬污染。 水环境中铬的存主形态要有两种：三价铬和六价铬。