英语：英语词汇学.pptVIP

英语词汇学;Chapter 1 ;What is word 词具有哪些特点？词的特点也就是对词的名词解释。1) A word is a minimal free form of a language;2) A sound unity or a given sound 3) a unit of meaning;4) a form that can function alone in a sentence.以上词的四个特点也就是词的名词解释;What is the relationship between sound and meaning 1)There is ‘no logical relationship between the sound and actual thing.e.g. dog. cat2)The relationship between them is conventional.3) In different languages the same concept can be represented bydifferent sounds.;What are the great changes that causes illogical relationship or irregularity between sound and form1) The internal reason for this is that the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans, which does not have a separate letter tore present each sound in the language so that some letters must do double duty or work together in combination.2) Another reason is that the pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling over the years, and in some cases the two have drawn farapart.3) A third reason is that some of the differences were created by the early scribes.4) Finally comes the borrowing, which is an important channel of enriching the English vocabulary. ;要记住以上四句话中的关键词： 1) influenced by Romans2) Pronunciation changed3) early scribes4) borrowing 你能不能举出外来语对英语发音,拼写造成不一致的例子有哪些？ e.g. stimulus (L) ,fiesta (Sp) ,eureka (Gr), kimono (Jap) 外来语对英语造成的最大的影响就是‘sound and form ’不一致。 ;Classification of Words (本课重点) What is the classification of words How to classify words in linguistics Three criteria :1) By use of frequency 2) By notion 3) By origin By use of frequency 可划分为：1) The basic word stock 2) Nonbasic word vocabulary ; ; ; ;什么叫borrowed words Answer: (1)words taken over from foreign languages are know as borrowed words or loan words or borrowings in simple terms. (2) It is estimated that English borrowings constitute 80 percent of the modern English vocabulary (3) The English language has vast debts In any dictionary some 80% of the entries are borrowed. ;什么叫Den