ap宏观经济学真题解析.pdfVIP

AP 宏观经济学真题解析 下面小编就AP 宏观经济学真题解析（一）来给考生们详细说明 Assume that the United States economy is operating at fu employment. (a) Using a correctly labeled graph of the long-run aggregate supply, short-run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand, show each of the fo owing. (i) Current price level, labeled PL1 (ii) Current output level, labeled Y1 (b) Assume that personal savings in the United States increase. Using a correctly labeled graph of the loanable funds market, show the impact of the increase in personal savings on the real interest rate. (c) Based on the real interest rate change identified in part (b), (i) wi interest-sensitive expenditures increase, decrease, or remain unchanged? (ii) what wi happen to the rate of economic growth? Explain.。 (d) Assume that the real interest rate of the euro zone increases relative to the real interest rate of the United States. Draw a correctly labeled graph of the foreign exchange market for the euro and show the impact of the change in the rea interest rate in the euro zone on each of the fo owing. (i) Demand for the euro. Explain. (ii) Value of the euro relative to the United States do ar (e) Assume that the United States current account balance is zero. Based on the change in the value of the euro identified in part (d)( ), will the United States current account balance now be in surplus, be in deficit, or remain at zero? (a) 此题考察的是总供给-总需求模型的概念。X 轴为real GDP ，Y 轴为price level ，短期 总供给曲线SRAS 与总需求曲线AF 相交即为短期均衡水平，分别对应PL1 以及Y1。因为 full employment ，所以长期而言，real GDP 的价格水平弹性应该为0 ，即价格水平的变 动并不会带来real GDP 的变动，所以为垂直X 轴的直线，并且经过短期均衡点，因为短期 均衡水平即为长期均衡水平。 (b) 此题考察的重点是货币市场。对于贷款市场而言，需求即为贷款需求，而贷款供给即为 savings。作图时X 轴为贷款数量，而Y 轴为利率水平。因为savings 增加，所以贷款供给 增多，S 线右移，产生新的均衡利率，此时的均衡利率降低。 (c. i) 既然是interest-sensitive 的支出，所以当r 降低时，相应的expenditures 会有 变化。因为r 降低会增加投资水平，所以相应的支出会增多。 (c. ) 因为r 降低会增大投资支出，所以会增强capital