牛津译林版英语八年级下册被动语态总结精讲和提高训练( 精编版含答案).pdfVIP

牛津译林版英语八年级下册 被动语态总结精讲及提高训练 熟记结构 被动语态的谓语结构：be +过去分词(P.P) （再次复习熟练过去分词） 具体变化为： ★一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are +P.P ★一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +P.P ★一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall +be +P.P 现在完成时的被动语态：have/has +been +P.P ★含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词can/may/must/should + be +PP. 明确用法 下列情况可判断用被动语态 ★物作主语常用被动语态 e.g. Luckily his missing bike____was found_____(find) yesterday. ★句子中出现by sb. e.g. Now a lot of work can___be done_____(do) by robots. ★动宾搭配中，动词后面的宾语提前作了主语 (如 ask/tell/invite sb. to do 等) He might___be caught____(catch) in the rain yesterday. In the old days, the workers___were made_____(make) to work 12 hours a day. Dont get out of the room until you___are told____(tell) to. ★根据句意，需要用被动 When you___are given___(give) something, you should say Thank you. 熟练转换 主动语态变被动语态的方法，分三步走： ★主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语； ★谓语变成“be +PP.； ★主语变成by 后的宾语； (有时by 短语可以省略) e.g. They make TV sets in that factory. (改为被动语态) （注意时态一致） →TV sets are made by them in that factory. 注意特例 ★含双宾语的主动语态变成被动语态时，有两种方法： a)将间接宾语sb.变为主语，直接宾语保持不变； b)将直接宾语sth.变为主语，间接宾语用介词to 或for 引导。(draw, make, buy 后加for) e.g. (1) He showed us his photos taken in Beijing just now. →We were shown his photos taken in Beijing just now. →His photos taken in Beijing were show to us just now (by him). e.g. (2) Her father bought her a present. →She was bought a present by her father. →A present was bought for her by her father. ★make/let/ see/ hear/watch/listen to/ notice sb.do sth.改为被动时，主动中省略的to 必须补上 ( make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth, e.g. I heard the girl sing in the next room.→The girl was heard to sing in the next room. ★动词短语的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将动词短语视为一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副 词。 e.g. The nurse takes good care of the child. (被动语态) →The child is taken good care of by the nurse. 牢记句型 课本中与被动语态相关的句型： ★be covered with 被覆盖 ★be made of 由制成(看得见原材料) be made from 由制成(看不见原材料) be made in 由某地制成 be made by 由某人制成 ★be used for 被用来