4. 现在完成时 讲义-高中英语高二暑期衔接资料.docx

现在完成时 学习目标 学生能够掌握现在完成时的基本构成及定义； 能够区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时。 要点梳理 现在完成时的基本构成 I have finished my homework. Have you finished your homework? I haven’t finished my homework. 通过以上例句，我们可以总结出来，现在完成时的构成： 肯定形式：have/has done 疑问形式：Have/Has sb done…? 否定形式：haven’t /hasn’t done 过去分词的不规则动词表： (1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 花费 cost cost cost 放置 put put put 切割 cut cut cut 伤害 hurt hurt hurt (2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 打 beat beat beaten (3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 变成 become became become 来 come came come 跑 run ran run (4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 举办 hold held held 遇见 meet met met 保持 keep kept kept 感觉 feel felt felt 抓住 catch caught caught (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词不同形) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 开始 begin began begun 喝 drink drank drunk 画画 draw drew drawn 选择 choose chose chosen 看见 see saw seen 现在完成时的定义 【定义1】表示动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在（也许还将持续下去）。 1. She has learnt English for 3 years. 她学英语有三年了。 2. I have lived here since 1990. 自从1990年以来我一直住在这儿。 【定义2】表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。 1. Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) 2. I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) 3. I haven’t read that book yet. (不了解书的内容) 注意：瞬间动词不能和段时间连用 1. He has come to Beijing since last year. × He has lived in Beijing since last year. √ 2. He has joined the army for 3 years. × He has been a solider for 3 years. √ 现在完成进行时 【构成】have been doing 【定义】从过去开始持续到现在的动作，而且此刻正在进行。 He has learned English for 6 years. （现在是否正在学不一定） He has been learning English for 6 years. （强调现在正在学） 即时应用 （一）完成句子 1. 他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 His grandpa _________________________ for 2 years. 2. Nick参军3年了. Nick ___________________ the army for 3 years. 3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 He ______________________ from Shenzhen for a long time. 4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. I _________________ the book for 4 months. 5. 他从小就戴眼镜。 He ____________________since his childhood. （二）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. So far he ____________ (visit) many places of interest in the world. 2. He came to China 3 years ago and ______________ (live) here ever since. 3. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _________ (s