Unit 1 Grammar直接引语变间接引语 讲义--高中英语人教新课标必修一.docx

直接引语变间接引语 (必修1 Unit1) 一、定义：直接引用别人的原话，就是直接引语，用引号。用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语，不用引号。 二、时态 如果“ ”外的第一个动词是现在时，变成间接引语时，“ ”里的句子时态不变。 Kate says: His mother went there→ Kate says that his mother went there. Tom says: She often plays football→Tom says that she often plays football. 如果“ ”外的第一个动词是一般过去时，变成间接引语时，引号里的句子要用它相应时态的过去时。 1. 一般现在时→一般过去时 He often plays footballsaid Tom.→Tom said that he often played football. 2. 现在进行时→过去进行时 Rose is singingTom told me.→Tom told me that Rose was singing. 3. 一般将来时→过去将来时(把will变成would) She will fly to Londonsaid Tom.→Tom said that she would fly to London. 4. 现在完成时→过去完成时 They have visited the zoo twicesaid Tom.→Tom said that they had visited the zoo twice. 5. 一般过去时→过去完成时 The boy planted many treesTom told me. →Tom told me that the boy had planted many trees. 6. 过去完成时→过去完成时 She had told Tom many timessaid Tom. →Tom said that she had told Tom many times. ★如果引号外是过去时，引号内是客观事实或真理，引号里的句子时态不变。 The earth goes around the sunMr Li said.→Mr Li said that the earth goes around the sun. 三、形式 1.“陈述句”（肯定句、否定句） She doesnt like P.E. said Tom.→Tom said that she didnt like P.E.. The students dont live in ShanghaiTom told us.→Tom told us that the students didnt live in Shanghai. They arent playingsaid Tom.→Tom said that they werent playing. His father hasnt been theresaid Tom.→Tom said that his father hadnt been there. He wont buy a carsaid Tom.→Tom said that he wouldnt buy a car. ★总结：如果引号外是过去时，引号内：dont /doesnt→didnt，isnt→wasnt，arent→werent hasnt /havent→hadnt，wont→wouldnt，didnt→hadnt 2.if/whether引导的一般疑问句 ①Do/Does/Did开头的句子，在某人说/问后＋if/whether，再把Do/Does/Did去掉，再加相应时态的陈述语序。 Does her mother walk everydayTom asked me.→Tom asked me if/whether her mother walked everyday. Did he finish the projectMr. Li asked Tom. →Mr. Li asked Tom if/whether he had finished the project. ②Am/Is/Are,Have/Has,Will,Can,开头的句子，在某人说/问后＋if/whether，加相应时态的陈述语序的句子(把引号里的疑问句变成陈述句，再变成相应时态的过去时)。 Is Bobs mother a teacherI asked Tom. →I asked Tom if Bobs mother was a doctor. Has he cleaned the roomI asked Tom