《计算机专业英语（第4版）》Unit 1 Hardware Knowledge.pptVIP

* 计算机专业英语第4版 * Notes [2] If you want to add new software to your computer, you can usually find the exact memory requirements on the software packaging. 说明：本句由“if”引导条件状语从句，“on the software packaging”作状语。 译文：如要给计算机增加新的软件，在软件包装上通常可以找到该软件所需要的确切内存容量。 * 计算机专业英语第4版 * Notes [3] The number of bits in the address is related to the maximum number of directly addressable cells in the memory and is independent of the number of bits per cell. 说明：本句中，of directly addressable cells in the memory修饰the maximum number。 译文：地址的位数与存储器可直接寻址的最大单元数量有关，而与每个单元的位数无关。 * 计算机专业英语第4版 * Notes [4] Thus a 16-bit words, whereas a 32-bit machine will have 32-bit registers and instructions for moving, adding, subtracting, and otherwise manipulating 32-bit words. 说明：Thus a 16-bit words是一个省略句，这里的whereas作“而”讲。 译文：因而16位机器具有16位的寄存器和指令以实现16位字的操作；32位机器则有32位的寄存器和指令，以实现传送、加法、减法和其它他32位字的操作。 * 计算机专业英语第4版 * 1.4.2 Text B In the 1970s, there was a further development which revolutionized the computer field. This was the ability to etch thousands of integrated circuits onto a tiny piece (chip) of silicon, which is a non-metallic element with semiconductor characteristics. The 80x86 processors, operating in real mode, have physical address-ability to 1 megabyte of memory. * 计算机专业英语第4版 * The device driver, called the expanded memory manager (EMM), controls the registers so that a program’s memory accesses can be redirected throughout the entire of available expanded memory. To access expanded memory, a program needs to communicate with the EMM. Communication with the EMM is similar to making calls to DOS. The program sets up the proper CPU registers and makes a software interrupt request. * 计算机专业英语第4版 * A variety of different types of cache（disk cache, memory cache, processor cache）can improve overall system performance. High-speed memory is used on cache controllers. When the system makes a call to the hard disk, the controller in cache determines whether or not the data that’s being called for is in the