氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂的合成研究.docx

PAGE 9 氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂的合成研究 　　【摘要】随着人们对绿色化学的认识，为了减少或消除生产过程中有害物质的使用和产生，科学家不断探索发 现了新型的绿色溶剂——低共熔溶剂。随着2003年低共熔溶剂的发现和成功合成，研究者对其重视程度加强，近几年低共熔溶剂成为了热门研究项目。其研究发展从一开始的性质、结构研究到应用探索，再到对新型低共熔溶剂以及扩充领域应用的的探索，短短数年发展速度飞快。为了解该类绿色溶剂，本课题采用资料与实验相结合的方法，对低共熔溶剂特别是氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂进行了合成及应用研究。实验采用加热一步合成法，合成不同摩尔比组成氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂，并测定其凝固点，从中选出最佳配比，用核磁共振波谱表征该产物，证实了目标产物的合成。 【关键词】氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂；合成；核磁共振 　　Synthesis of choline chloride urea eutectic solvent 　　[Abstract] with peoples understanding of green chemistry, in order to reduce or eliminate the use and production of harmful substances in the production process, scientists continue to explore and find a new type of green solvent - eutectic solvent. With the discovery and successful synthesis of eutectic solvent in 2003, researchers pay more attention to it. In recent years, eutectic solvent has become a hot research project. Its research and development from the beginning of the properties, structure research to application exploration, and then to the exploration of new eutectic solvents and expanding the application field, the development speed is very fast in just a few years. In order to understand this kind of green solvent, the synthesis and application of low eutectic solvent, especially choline chloride urea low eutectic solvent, were studied by means of data and experiment. In the experiment, the choline chloride urea eutectic solvent with different molar ratio was synthesized by heating one-step synthesis method, and its freezing point was determined to select the best ratio. The product was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which confirmed the synthesis of the target product. 　　[Key words] choline chloride urea eutectic solvent; synthesis; nuclear magnetic resonance 目 录 1 前言1 1.1研究依据1 1.2低共熔溶剂的定义2 1.3低共熔溶剂的性质3 1.3.1凝固点3 1.3.2溶解性3 1.3.3黏度4 1.3.4表面张力4 1.3.5电导率4 1.3.6电化学窗口5 1.4低共熔溶剂的分类5 1.5低共熔溶剂的发展6 1.6低共熔溶剂的制备6 1.7氯化胆碱-尿素低共熔溶剂的应用7 1.7.1在电化学中的应用7 1.7.3在气体捕集中的应用9 1.7.4在溶解分离中的应用10 1.8研究意义和思路11 1.8.1研究意义11 1.8.2研究思路12 实验部