大学英语语法12-状语从句.pptxVIP

College English Grammar: Grammar and WritingBy Zhu Xiangjun第一页，共三十七页。 Unit 12Clause: Adverbial clauses Grammar: Adverbial clauses Writing: Correcting: Article Misuse Rewriting: Periodic/Loose sentences 第二页，共三十七页。 Adverbial Clauses 1. Functions An adverbial clause is a subordinate clause that functions as an adverb to modify a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. It tells when, where, how, why, to what extent, or under what condition. 1.1. To modify a verbShe passed the driving test.She obtained her driving license.? After she had passed the driving test, she obtained her driving license. [telling when]第三页，共三十七页。 1.2. To modify an adjectiveThe library is a good place.There we study well.It is quiet.? The library is a good place to study because it is quiet. [telling why]1.3. To modify an adverbHe was often disappointed.He became hopeless.? He was disappointed so often that he became hopeless. [telling to what extent]第四页，共三十七页。 2. Forms and kinds An adverbial clause always begins with subordinating conjunction (such as if, when, because, than, although) and includes a subject (S.) and a predicate (P.). An adverbial clause = subordinating conjunction + S. + P. Subordinating conjunctions that introduce adverbial clauses may indicate a relationship of time, place, manner, reason, condition or degree. They cannot be omitted. They cannot be subjects.第五页，共三十七页。 Here are kinds of adverbial clauses and some of their subordinating conjunctions. Place: where, whereverTime: after, before, since, until, when, whenever, while, etc.Manner: as, as if, etc.Reason: as, because, for, in order that, since, so that, that, etc.Degree: as, than, etc.Condition: in case, if, even if, provided, unless, etc.Concession: although, though, as, whereas, while, etc.第六页，共三十七页。 She goes to any place.There are always crowds of people.They are waiting to see her.? Wherever she goes, there are always crowds of people waiting to see her.He rang off.