复旦生物无机化学b.pptxVIP

会计学1复旦生物无机化学b Biological Roles of Alkali and Alkaline Earth MetalsNa, K: electric carrier; activator for Na- K-ATPase; osmotic balanceMg: activator for Na-K-ATPase; kinase; structure role; hydrolase; isomeraseCa: structure role; trigger for muscle contraction; component fo bones and shells; messenger for hormonal action 第1页/共8页 Distribution of Intracellular and Extracellular Ions in and out of a Typical Mammalian Cell Ion [Mn+]in(mM) [Mn+]out(mM)Na+ 10 145K+ 140 5Mg2+ 30 1Ca2+ 1 4 H+ 5?10-4 5 ? 10-4 Cl- 4 110 第2页/共8页 IonophoresMarcoterolides 大四内酯Desipeptides 缩肽类Cyclic Peptides 环肽Nigericins 尼日尼亚菌 Ion ChannelsNystatin 制霉菌素Amphotericin 两性霉素Gramicidin 短杆菌素第3页/共8页 第4页/共8页 Ion Transport across Membrane跨膜的离子运送 Passive Transport 沿着离子的化学势方向进行，即离子顺其浓度梯度从较浓一侧运送到较稀一侧。被动运送又分为简单扩散和促进运送。促进运送需要离子载体和离子通道。 Active Transport 离子逆浓度梯度和点化学梯度通过生物膜的运送。主动运送通常许消耗能量。执行主动运送的机制常被称为离子泵 例：Na+-K+-ATPase第5页/共8页 Na+-K+-ATPaseTwo subunitsMr 250000-500000Mg 2+ necessaryNa+/K+: 10:1-5:1K+: NH4+, Ti+ Mg2+: Mn2+, Co2+第6页/共8页 Bioinorganic Chemistry of CalciumRole in Muscle ContractionEffects on Enzymes Enzyme Stabilization Blood ClottingCalcium-Membrane Interactions Never Impulse Transmission Effects on Membrane Structure and Action Potential Release of Neurotransmitters and Hormones Hormones, Cyclic AMP, Calcium Calcium-Binding Proteins in Never TissuesBiological Calcification第7页/共8页