名词性从句-精讲精练-2022届准高三高考英语语法暑假专练.docVIP

第六讲 名词性从句 主语从句 教材原句语法体现 写出that/what/whether所引导的从句在主句中充当的成分及引导词的功能。 1．What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. (what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当表语) 2．The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. (whether引导主语从句，在从句中不充当成分) 3．What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. (what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当主语) 4．What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. (what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当宾语) 5．It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. (that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当成分) 6．So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. (第一个whether引导主语从句；第二个whether引导宾语从句) 基础扫盲 (一)定义 在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句，即为主语从句。 (二)引导主语从句的词及其在句中的功能 1．连接词that和whether/if。 that引导从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不能省略；whether/if引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，但有自己的意义，也不可省略。 ①That she was chosen made us very happy.(that引导主语从句，不充当成分)我们很高兴她被选中。 ②Whether she will come or not is still a question.(whether引导主语从句，从句需要“是否”之意) 她来不来仍是个问题。 [点津]　(1)whether引导的主语从句置于句首时，不可用if来替换。 (2)if引导主语从句时，要用it作形式主语，将if引导的主语从句后置，此时whether与if可互换。 2．连接代词who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever，whomever，whatever等。 连接代词引导从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。 ①What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.(what引导主语从句，并在从句中充当主语) 最令我吃惊的是那个小女孩拉小提琴拉得那么好。 ②Who will go to the concert is not known.(who引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语) 不知道谁会去听音乐会。 ③Which book they will choose is still unknown.(which引导主语从句，并在从句中作定语) 不知道他们会选哪本书。 ④Whoever breaks the traffic rules should be punished.(whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语) 不论谁违反了交通规则都要受到惩罚。 3．连接副词when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever，however等。 连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。 ①When we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.(when引导主语从句，并在从句中作时间状语) 我们还没决定何时举行运动会。 ②How they will reach the top of the high