2021 考研英语阅读真题Text 1(英语二) .pdfVIP

2021 Text 1 （英语⼆）什么是再培训？ “Reskilling” is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind. “再培训”听起来像是⼀个流⾏词，但实际上是我们计划拥有⼀个不会让很多潜在员⼯掉队的未来的必要 条件。 We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain. 我们知道我们正在进⼊⼀个需求⼯作将迅速变化的时期，剩下的⼯作的要求也将发⽣变化。 Research by WEF detailed in the Harvard Business Review , finds that on average 42 percent of the “core skills” within job roles will change by 2022. 世界经济论坛在《哈佛商业评论》上的研究发现，到2022年，⼯作⻆⾊中平均42%的 核⼼技能 将发 ⽣变化。 That is a very short timeline, so we can only imagine what the changes will be further in the future. 这是⼀个⾮常短的时间线，所以我们只能想象未来会有什么变化。 The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. 谁应该为再培训付费的问题是⼀个棘⼿的问题。 For individual companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace them with those whose skills are. 对于个别公司⽽⾔，诱惑总是放开那些不再需要技能的员⼯，⽽代之以拥有技能的员⼯。 That does not always happen. 这并不总是发⽣。 ATT is often given as the gold standard of a company who decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy, ultimately retraining 18,000 employers. 美国电话电报公司 (ATT) 经常被作为⼀个公司的⻩⾦标准，该公司决定进⾏⼤规模的技能再培训计 划，⽽不是采取解雇和雇⽤的策略 ，最终重新培训了18000名雇主 。 Prepandemic, other companies including Amazon and Disney had also pledged to create their own plans. 疫情发⽣前，包括亚⻢逊和迪斯尼在内的其他公司也曾承诺制定⾃⼰的计划。 When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy though, the focus usually turns to government to handle. 不过，当技能错配问题出现在更⼴泛的经济领域时，重点通常转向政府来处理。 Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation where we frequently hear of employers begging for workers, even at times and in regions where unemployment is high. 加拿⼤和其他地⽅的努⼒充其量只能说是乏味的，这让我们经常听到雇主乞求⼯⼈的情况，即使是在失 业率⾼的时期和地区也是如此。 With the pandemic, unemployment is very high indeed. 随着新冠肺炎的发