药理学教学课件：Chapter 19 Analgesics.pptVIP

1Chapter 19 Analgesics  2 Preview Severe pain, not only bring pain and nervous to the suffers, but also cause disorder of physiological functions of the body, even induce shock. 3 4 Classification of Pain: Somatic pain Visceral pain Neuropathic pain Fast pain（Sharp pain） Slow pain（Dull pain） 5Medium of Pain:Dividing as the Feature of Effects:Fast Transmitter(Glu): Appearance and elimination of the effects quickly.Slow Transmitter(SP): Appearance and elimination of the effects slowly.Dividing as the Structure:Neuropeptides: Substance P (SP)Classical neurotransmitters： Glu、GABA、5－HT、NA、Adenine 6Relieve Pain:Relieve Pain by Endogenous transmitters： Endogenously opioid peptides ：Enkephalin (EK)、 β－endorphin、dynorphin、 5-HT etc. Relieve Pain by drugs： Visceral smooth muscle spasm、angina ——Anticholinergic drugs Vascular spasm（cardiac angina ） ——Vascular dilation drug Inflammatory chronic dull pain ——Antipyretic and analgesic drugs Severe pain——Central analgesics addiction 7 Opioid Receptor and Endogenous Opioid Peptides Zhou Gang and Zhang Changshao of China proved that the acting position of morphine analgesia is at third ventricle of CNS in1962. Further research found that ：Receptors related with analgesia：Distributed at the inner side of the thalamus、ventricle、aqueduct and spinal cord glial area etc.Receptors related with calm： Distributed at limbic systemReceptors related with euphoria and mental activity： Distributed at limbic system and blue spot nucleus 8Receptors related with antitussive： Distributed at the nucleus of the solitary tract in medulla oblongata Receptors related with miotic： Distributed at the midbrain pre-tegmentum nucleusReceptors related with gastrointestinal motility、nausea and vomitting： Distributed at