专题6.形容词（原卷版）（八年级英语寒假练习（人教新目标））.docxVIP

形容词 一、形容词的基本作用 形容词的定义及位置 形容词是用来描述或修饰名词或代词的一类词,用以说明人或事物的性质和特征。 1.作定语 一般放在名词之前,复合不定代词之后。 He lives in a beautiful house.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。 There is nothing important in today’s newspaper.今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。 2.作表语,放在连系动词(be,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,get,become,keep,turn,seem 等)之后。 His idea sounds great.他的主意听起来很棒。 3.作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,常与make,leave,keep,find等动词连用。 They keep the classroom clean every day.他们每天保持教室干净。 We find it important to learn English well.我们发现学好英语很重要。 4.形容词的名词化 有些形容词放在定冠词之后变成名词,表示一类人,常见的有:good/bad,rich/poor,young/old,deaf/blind, black/white,living/dead等 The old should be taken good care of.老年人应该受到很好的照顾。 二、形容词词义辨析 在做辨析题时，首先应读懂句意，抓住题干中关键信息，并分析各选项表达的意思，结合日常生活的常识及语境即可选出正确答案。 如：After the football match, the players were very ______ and tired. A. cool B. full C. lively D. thirsty 方法点拨 第1步：分析四个选项均为形容词，在句中作表语；第2步：分析语境“在足球比赛之后，运动员是_____和疲劳的。”cool平静的；full满的；lively有活力的；thirsty口渴的，渴望的。结合常识及句意可知运动员在足球比赛后又渴又累。故选D。 近义词词义辨析 1.-ing形容词和-ed形容词 -ing形容词 -ed形容词 例句 surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised感到惊讶的 The story has a surprising end. He is surprised at the news. interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的 There are many interesting places in Beijing. I’m interested in what he said. exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的 They jumped when they heard the exciting news. We are excited about the match. pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快/满意的 It is a pleasing trip. If you queue-jump,others will not be pleased. frightening令人恐惧的 frightened感到恐惧的 The girl cried because of the frightening story. He is frightened of the ghost. moving令人感动的 moved受感动的 It is a moving performance. We are moved by the performance. tiring使人疲倦的 tired感到疲倦的 We had a very tiring trip last week. I??m tired of so much homework. fascinating迷人的 fascinated着迷的 What a fascinating story! The children are fascinated by all the toys in the shop windows. 特点:表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物 特点:表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受,主语一般是人,常用“sb+be+-ed形容词+介词”结构 What an exciting film! We were very excited about the trip to Beijing. 2.older和elder 易混词 用法 例句 older 常用于表比较的句型中,意为“较老的,较旧的,年纪较大的” Your bike is