牛津译林版英语八年级下Unit7-Grammarppt课件.pptxVIP

初中英语译林版八年级 Unit7 International charities Grammar 一、了解使用被动语态的语境。 二、掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时 和一般过去时。 三、熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by。 Review Answer the questions • What is the Flying Eye Hospital used to do? It is used to help the people who are blind or have other eyes problems in poor areas and it is also used as a training centre. • How many patients were operated during Dr. Mar’s last visit? 150 patients were operated on. • What is needed to carry on with their work? More money is needed to carry on with their work. 语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。 英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的 承受者时，用被动语态。汉语中常用“被，给 ，由，受”等 词来表示被动，而英语中则用“be +动词的过去分词”来表 示。 Example: We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天都打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day. 教室每天都被(我们)打扫。 1.被动语态的概念 Presentation None of the books was taken away. 没有一本书被拿走。 The toy is designed for children. 这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。 My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。 2.被动语态的基本用法 The problem was talked about just now. 这个问题刚才被讨论过。 Mr Wu is liked by all of his students. 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。 肯定句：主语+am/is/are +过去分词+其他. Example：English is taught by him. 否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+过去分词+其他. Example：English isn’t taught by him. 一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ Example: Is English taught by him? 特殊疑问句： 疑问词＋am/is/are+ 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ Example: Who is taught English by him? 3.一般现在时的被动语态的结构 肯定句：主语+was/were+过去分词+其他. Example： The bridge was built in 1999. 否定句：主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他. Example： The bridge wasn’t built in 1999. 一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ Example: Was the bridge built in 1999? 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were+ 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ Example: When was the bridge built? 4.一般过去时的被动语态的结构 主动语态变被动语态 被动语态变化步骤 Many students study English. English is studied by many students. 主动 语态 主语 He 谓语(主动式) passed 间宾 me 直宾 a book. 被动 语态 原直宾 A book 谓语(被动式) was passed to me by 原主语(改 为宾格)him. 原间宾( 改为主 格) I 谓语(被动式) was passed 原直宾 a book by 原主语(改 为宾格) him. 主语+谓语+双宾语的句式转换 1.有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义，如：系 动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等，还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意 义。如： r