第二十四讲植物抗性的生理基础.pptVIP

第二十四讲： 植物的逆境生理;胁迫（强）与胁变;A flooded maize field. Flooding in the US Midwest in 1993 resulted in an estimated 33% reduction in yield compared with 1992.;Many factors determine how plants respond to environmental stress: the genotype and development circumstances of the plant, the duration and severity of the stress, the number of times the plant is subjected to stress, and any additive or synergistic effects of multiple stresses. Plants response to stress through a variety of mechanisms. Failure to compensate for a severe stress can result in plant death. ;二、逆境伤害的性质 (补); Plants respond to both as collections of cells and as whole organisms. Stress constitute environmental signal is communicated within cells and throughout the plants. Transduction of environmental signals typically results in altered gene expression at in the cellular level, which in turn influence metabolism and development of the whole plant.;三、植物对逆境的适应与抵抗;大豆幼苗耐热性诱导实验;Stress resistance can involve tolerating the stressful condition or avoiding it. Some resistance mechanisms are constitutive and are active before exposure to stress. In other cases, plants exposed to stress alter their physiology in response, thereby acclimating themselves to an unfavorable environment, Examples of constitutive mechanism of drought resistance include;避性（escape）;24-2：植物抗性的生理生化基础 ;24-2 植物抗性的生理生化基础 ;一. 逆境协迫下植物的一般生理变化 ;二. 渗透调节与抗逆性 ;15;三. 植物激素在抗逆性中的作用;四.逆境胁迫下活性氧伤害 第二十四讲： 植物的逆境生理;胁迫（强）与胁变;A flooded maize field. Flooding in the US Midwest in 1993 resulted in an estimated 33% reduction in yield compared with 1992.;Many factors determine how plants respond to environmental stress: the genotype and development circumstances of the plant, the duration and severity of the stress, the number of times the plant is subjected to stress, and any additive or synergistic effects of multiple stresses. Plants response to stress through a variety of mechanisms. Failure to compensate for a severe stress can result in plant death. ;二、逆境伤害