350吨天电镀废水处理工程设计.docxVIP

PAGE 4 350吨/天电镀废水处理工程设计 设计总说明 目前国内大约有一万多家电镀厂。每年大约排放40亿吨的废水，而其中约有50％的废水排放未能达到国家规定的排放标准。电镀废水中大都含有重金属离子、有机化合物及无机化合物等有害有毒物质。这些物质如果排放到环境中，必定会对人类及生态环境产生严重、广泛而且长远的危害。因此，电镀废水的治理是一个不容轻视和忽视的问题。电镀废水的水质成份多样且复杂，目前它的处理方法和技术也是多种多样。 本文概述了电镀废水的来源、水质特点、危害及该电镀废水工程概况；本设计依据是国家相关的法律法规，主要进行含铬废水、含镍废水、含CN-废水和含Zn2+、 Cu2+的重金属废水及其他废水的处理。设计处理废水总量为350t/d，各废水的处理量及水质为：（1）含镍废水：Q=50t/d，Ni2+=20mg/L，pH=4—6；（2）含铬废水：Q=100t/d，Cr6+=90mg/L，pH=4—6；（3）含CN-废水：Q=50t/d，CN-=25mg/L，pH=8—9；（4）含Zn2+、 Cu2+的重金属废水及其他废水：Q=150t/d，Zn2+=20mg/L，Cu2+=40mg/L，COD:400 mg/L，BOD:150 mg/L，油类：100 mg/L，SS：200 mg/L ，pH=8-10。采用了“隔油-调节-氧化/还原-絮凝沉淀-生物接触氧化-砂滤”的组合工艺，出水满足《电镀污染物排放标准》（GB21900-2008）中的各类水质要求。文中有详细说明工艺的基本原理及工艺的流程，最后列出了工艺设备的选择、主要构筑物的设计及工程投资和处理费用的概算等。 关键词：含铬废水，含镍废水，含氰废水，含锌、铜重金属废水及其他废水，物理化学法、生化法处理  General specification of the design At present, there are about 10,000 electroplating factories in China. About 400 million tons of wastewater are discharged each year, and about 50% of them fails to meet national emission standards. Most of the electroplating wastewater contains harmful and toxic substances such as heavy metal ions, organic compounds and inorganic compounds. The discharge of these substances into the environment will definitely cause serious, widespread and long-term harm to humans and the ecological environment. Therefore, the treatment of electroplating wastewater is a problem that cannot be ignored. The water quality of electroplating wastewater is diverse and complex, and its treatment methods and techniques are currently diverse. This paper outlined the source, quality characteristics and hazards of electroplating wastewater and summarized the status of the electroplating wastewater project. The design was based on relevant national laws and regulations, mainly dealing with chromium-containing wastewater, nickel-containing wastewater, cyanide-containing wastewater, heavy metal wastewater containing Zn2+, Cu2+ and other wastewater. The total amount of wastewater process in the design is 350t/d, and the proces