PMI培训资料：加氢类装置常用容器简介及简单操作方法.ppt

****一、设备分类classification?of?equipment化工机械包括两部分，其一是化工机器，主要是指诸如流体输送的风机、压缩机、各种泵等设备，其主要部件是运动的机械，一般称为动设备。其二是化工设备主要是指部件是静止的机械，诸如塔器等分离设备，容器、反应器设备等，一般称为静设备。Chemicalmachineryconsistsoftwoparts,oneischemicalindustrymachine,ismainlyreferstosuchasfan,compressor,allkindsoffluidconveyingpumpequipment,suchasitsmainpartisthemechanicalmovement,commonlyreferredtoasrotaryequipment.Thesecondisthatchemicalequipmentmainlyreferstothestationarymachinery,suchastheseparationequipmentsuchastower,container,reactorequipment,etc.,commonlycalledstaticequipment.?*一、压力容器的定义definitionofpressurevessel在石油化工领域，容器是指储存设备和其它各种设备的外壳。按容器所承受压力的高低又可分为常压容器和压力容器两大类，但两者之间的压力分界是人为规定的，因此在不同规范中其数值可能略有差异。Inpetrochemicals,containersaretheshellsofstorageequipmentandotherkindsofequipment.Accordingtothecontainerunderpressureofhighandlowandcanbedividedintotwocategories,atmosphericpressurecontainerandpressurevessels,butthepressureboundarybetweenthetwoisartificial,thereforeitsvaluemaybeslightlydifferentinthedifferentspecification.?*二、压力容器的定义definitionofpressurevessel一般压力容器是指同时具备下列三个条件的容器：1、最高工作压力≥0.1MPa（不包括液体静压力）；2、内直径≥150mm，且容积≥25L；3、介质为气体、液化气体和最高工作温度高于标准沸点（指在一个大气压下的沸点）的液体。Pressurevesselisusuallyreferredtoatthesametimesatisfythefollowingthreeconditionsofcontainer:1,themaximumworkingpressureisgreaterthan0.1MPa(notincludinghydrostaticpressure);2.Theinnerdiameterisgreaterthan150mmandthevolumeisgreaterthan25L;3.Themediumisthegas,liquefiedgasandthehighestworkingtemperatureabovethestandardboilingpoint(theboilingpointunderoneatmosphere).*二、压力容器的分类Classificationofpressurevessels压力容器按其所承受的工作压力，可分为低压、中压、高压及超高压容器四个等级。具体划分标准是：低压容器——0.1MPa≤P≤1.6Mpa；中压容器——1.6MPa＜P＜10MPa；高压容器——10MPa≤P≤100MPa；超高压容器——P＞100MPa。Thepressurevesselcanbedividedintofourgrades:lowpressure,mediumpressure,highpressu