越轨社会学（第12版）英文习题答案 _Ch2 Positivist Theories.doc

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CHAPTERTWO

PositivistTheories

MultipleChoiceQuestions

1. Thetheoriesofpositivistsociologistsattempttoexplainthe__________ofdeviance.

a)negativefeatures

b)symbolism

c)causes

d)meanings

Answer:C;PageReference:18–19;Bloom’sCategory:Understanding

2. Joeisasociologistwhoisundertakingastudyofdruguse.Heisinterestedinhowbrokenfamiliesandpoorneighborhoodsleadtomoreproblemsofdrugaddiction.Joeisfollowinga__________theoryofdeviantbehavior.

a)positivist

b)constructionist

c)scientific

d)historical

Answer:A;PageReference:18;Bloom’sCategory:Application

3. WhichofthefollowingisNOTaprimarilypositivisttheoryofdeviance?

a)differentialassociation

b)anomie-straintheory

c)controltheory

d)phenomenologicaltheory

Answer:D;PageReference:18–30;Bloom’sCategory:Analysis

4. Theessenceofseveraltypesofanomie-straintheoryisthattheexperienceof

a)personal,psychologicalstrainleadstodeviantbehavior.

b)sociallyinducedstrainpressuresindividualstocommitdeviantacts.

c)significantsocialandpoliticalconflictleadstodeviantacts.

d)culturalchangeleadstosocialstrainandoutbreaksofdeviantbehavior.

Answer:B;PageReference:18–19;Bloom’sCategory:Understanding

5. AccordingtoRobertMerton’sgoal-meansgaptheory,thepsychoanalyticapproachtodeviantbehavioriswrongbecausethattheoryincorrectlyassumesthat

a)societydiscouragestheindividualfromengagingindeviantbehavior.

b)societyencouragestheindividualtoengageindeviantbehavior.

c)societyhasnoimpactonhumanbiologicalimpulses.

d)individualsfreelychoosetopartakeindeviantbehavior.

Answer:A;PageReference:18–19;Bloom’sCategory:Understanding

6. Merton’sversionofanomie-straintheoryisbasedont