基础化学基础化学 (43).ppt

Chapter6:AdvancedChemicalEquations

6.4.2Strong,WeakandNon-Electrolytes

LearningOutcomesAfterviewingthisvideoyouareexpectedtobeabletounderstandthedifferencebetweenstrong,weakandnon-electrolytes

DissolutioninWater

ElectrolyteClassificationofSomeCommonSubstances

Definition1Allioniccompoundsarestrongelectrolytes,becausetheymostlybreakupintoionsastheydissolveinwater.Eveninsolubleioniccompounds(e.g.,AgCl,PbSO4,CaCO3)arestrongelectrolytes,becausethesmallamountsthatdodissolveinwaterdosoprincipallyasionsi.e.thereisvirtuallynoundissociatedformofthecompoundinsolution.Strong,WeakorNon-Electrolyte?

Definition2Molecularcompoundsmaybenon-electrolytes,weakelectrolytes,orstrongelectrolytes,dependingonwhethertheydissolvewithoutionformation,alittleionformation,ormostlyionformation,respectively.Examples:molecularcompoundelectrolytetypespeciesinsolutionsucrose(tablesugar)non-electrolytemoleculesonlyethanoicacid(CH3CO2H)weakelectrolytemoleculesandsomeionshydrogenchloride(HCl)strongelectrolyteionsonly.Strong,WeakorNon-Electrolyte?

Definition3Strongacidsandstrongbasesarestrongelectrolytese.g.HCl(aq),H2SO4(aq),HClO4(aq),NaOH(aq).Therearevirtuallynomoleculesofastrongacidorbaseinsolution,onlyions.Note:Mg(OH)2,aninsolublecompound,isastrongbasebecauseitisanioniccompoundandthereforeastrongelectrolyte.Strong,WeakorNon-Electrolyte?

WorkedExample

Theyarestrong,weakandnon-electrolytesinthatorder.Whattypeofelectrolytesareaqueouspotassiumbromide,hydrofluoricacidandwater?