牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修第四册UnderstandingeachotherGrammarandusage课件(共77张PPT)四册.pptx

新译林2020版选必四Uinit2Understanding

eachother

GrammarUsage

详解课件

1.限制性定语从句；

2.非限制性定语从句；

3.“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句

定语从句

Focuson基本用法

ROADTOGRAMMAR

relativeclauses

在复合句中，如作定语的是一个从句，该从句被称为定语从句。定语从句分为两种：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

一、限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句对先行项(先行词)进行限定或修饰，由关系代词或关系副词引导。主句和从句不用逗号隔开。

修饰theboy限制性定语从句Theboykvhoiswearingablackcoat]boughtaniPodyesterday.

先行词关系词

(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法

引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有：who(人),whom(人),which(物),that(人/物),whose(人/物),在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

a.Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.

b.Theman(whom/who)Inoddedtois

Mr.Li.关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略

c.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.

d.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.作主语

e.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.作定语

当先行词是way且在从句中表示

“以……方式”时，常由that或inwhich引导定语从句，引导词也可以省略。

①Iliketheway(inwhich/that)yousmile.

②Idontliketheway(inwhich/that)heslookingatme.

③Thisistheway(inwhich/that)wevealwaysdoneit.

用that而不用which的情况

that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。

(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,

something,anything,little,much,none,

some等不定代词时。

①Iamsureshehassomething(that)you

canborrow.

②Didyouhaveanything(that)youwant

tosayforyourself?

(2)先行词被theonly,thevery(恰恰，正好),the

same,thelast,all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。

①Thisistheverybus(that)Imwaitingfor.

②Theonlything(that)wecandois(to)giveyou

Somemoney.

③Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.

(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词或最高级修饰时。

①ThistrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuzhou.

②Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.

③Thisisthemostinterestingfilm(that)Iveseen.

①Whichisthebikethatyoulost?

②Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?

(6)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which,则另一个用that。

Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.

(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。

Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthatthey