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1ChapterNine.TheDiscreteHilbertTransform
2ThediscreteHilberttransformisaprocessusedtogeneratecomplex-valuedsignalsfromreal-valuedsignals.Usingcomplexsignalsinlieuoftherealsignalssimplifiesandimprovestheperformanceofmanysignalprocessingoperations.HereweintroducetheHilberttransformfromapracticalstandpoint,explainthemathematicsbehinditsdescription,andshowhowit’susedinDSPsystems.Inadditiontoprovidingsomeofthealgebraicstepsmissingfromsometextbooks,we’llillustratethetime-andfrequency-domaincharacteristicsofthetransform,withanemphasisonthephysicalmeaningofthequadrature(complex)signalsassociatedwithHilberttransformapplications.Finally,nonrecursiveHilberttransformerdesignexamplesandtechniquesforgeneratingcomplex,so-calledanalyticsignalsarepresented.
39.1.HilbertTransformDefinitionTheHilberttransform(HT)isamathematicalprocessperformedonarealsignalxr(t),yieldinganewrealsignalxht(t),asshowninFigure9-1Figure9-1ThenotationusedtodefinethecontinuousHilberttransformOurgoalhereistoensurethatxht(t)isa90-degreephase-shiftedversionofxr(t)Thevariablesaredefinedasfollows:xr(t) =arealcontinuoustime-domaininputsignalh(t) =thetimeimpulsereponseofaHilberttransformerxht(t) =theHTofxr(t)(xht(t)isalsoareal-domainsignal)Xr(ω) =theFouriertransformofrealinputxr(t)H(ω) =thefrequencyresponse(complex)ofaHilberttransformerXht(ω) =theFouriertransformofoutputxht(t)
4Therelationshipsamongxr(t)、xht(t)、、andAllofxht(t)’spositive-frequencycomponentsareequaltoxr(t)’spositive-frequencycomponentsshiftedinphaseby–90degrees.whereoverthepositive-frequencyrange,andoverthenegative-frequencyrange.Figure9-2.ThecomplexfrequencyresponseofH(w).
5AnexampleoftheHTHTrotatesthecosinewave’spositive-frequencys
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