汽车专业英语-2-Internal-combustion-engine.pptVIP

汽车专业英语

SpecialtyEnglishforAutomobile刘永刚E-mail:andyliuygTel:

Chapter2Internalcombustionengine

2.1PrincipleofOperationEnergyPowerChemicalenergyBurn//combustionCombustionchamberInternal(external)combustionengineCylinderHeatengineMechanicalpiston

InletvalvepistonconnectingrodTDCBDCExhaustvalvecrankEngineTermsTDC〔TopDeadCenter〕:thepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisfarthestawayfromthecrankshaft.BDC〔BottomDeadCenter〕:thepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisnearestawayfromthecrankshaft.2.1.2Engineterms

缸径borestrokeTDCBDCClearancevolumeSweptvolumeClearancevolume〔余隙/燃烧室容积〕:thevolumeofspaceabovethepistonwhenitisatTDC.Enginecapacity〔排量〕:thisisthesweptvolumeofallcylinders.Compressionratio〔压缩比〕:(sweptvol+clearancevol)/(clearancevol)活塞行程Sweptvolume〔有效/工作容积〕:thevolumebetweenTDCandBDC.

TDCBDCStrokeBoreSweptvolumeEnginecapacityClearancevolumeCompressionratio

Two-stroke:apowerstrokeeveryrevolutionofthecrankFour-stroke:apowerstrokeeveryotherrevolutionofthecrank每隔一个

TopDeadCenterBottomDeadCenterStrokeBoreSweptvolumeEnginecapacityClearancevolumeCompressionratioTwo-stroke//Four-strokerevolution

2.1.3Thefour-strokespark-ignitionenginecycle1.Intake/Inductionstroke进气行程2.Compressionstroke压缩行程3.Powerstroke作功行程4.Exhauststroke排气行程ward(s)后缀表示方向

2.1.4EngineoverallmechanicsCrankshaftandConnectingrodssystem曲柄连杆机构Valvesystem配气机构Fuelsystem供给系Intakesystem进气系统Coolingsystem冷却系Ignitionsystem点火系Startingsystem起动系Lubricationsystem润滑系Exhaustsystem排气系统

2.2Engineblockandcylinderhead发动机缸体是发动机的根本骨架，发动机其余的零件或安装在缸体内部，或固定在缸体上。缸体里有气缸、水套和油道，曲轴也固定在缸体底部。除了顶置凸轮轴发动机以外，凸轮轴都固定在缸体内部。大多数汽车上，缸体采用灰铸铁或者灰铸铁和其他金属〔