2025版高考数学一轮复习课时规范练29等差数列及其前n项和理北师大版.docVIP

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课时规范练29等差数列及其前n项和

基础巩固组

1.由a1=1,d=3确定的等差数列{an},当an=298时,序号n等于()

A.99 B.100 C.96 D.101

2.(2024湖南长郡中学仿真,6)已知等差数列{an}满意an+1+an=4n,则a1=()

A.-1 B.1 C.2 D.3

3.(2024河南商丘二模,3)已知等差数列{an}的公差为d,且a8+a9+a10=24,则a1·d的最大值为()

A. B. C.2 D.4

4.在等差数列{an}中,a3+a6=11,a5+a8=39,则公差d为 ()

A.-14 B.-7

5.已知等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,且3a3=a6+4,若S510,则a2的取值范围是(

A.(-∞,2) B.(-∞,0)

C.(1,+∞) D.(0,2)

6.已知Sn是等差数列{an}的前n项和,则2(a1+a3+a5)+3(a8+a10)=36,则S11=()

A.66 B.55 C.44 D.33

7.(2024湖南衡阳一模,15)已知数列{an}前n项和为Sn,若Sn=2an-2n,则Sn=.?

8.设数列{an}{bn}都是等差数列,若a1+b1=7,a3+b3=21,则a5+b5=.?

9.若数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,且满意an+2SnSn-1=0(n≥2),a1=.

(1)求证:1S

(2)求数列{an}的通项公式.

10.设数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,且Sn=2n-1.数列{bn}满意b1=2,bn+1-2bn=8an.

(1)求数列{an}的通项公式;

(2)证明:数列bn2n为等差数列,并求{b

综合提升组

11.(2024河北衡水中学考前押题二,10)已知数列a1=1,a2=2,且an+2-an=2-2(-1)n,n∈N+,则S2017的值为()

A.2016×1010-1 B.1009×2017

C.2017×1010-1 D.1009×2016

12.若数列{an}满意:a1=19,an+1=an-3(n∈N+),则数列{an}的前n项和数值最大时,n的值为()

A.6 B.7 C.8 D.9

13.已知等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,若Sm-1=-4,Sm=0,Sm+2=14(m≥2,且m∈N+),则m的值为.?

14.已知公差大于零的等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,且满意a3·a4=117,a2+a5=22.

(1)求通项公式an;

(2)求Sn的最小值;

(3)若数列{bn}是等差数列,且bn=Snn

创新应用组

15.(2024湖南长郡中学仿真,15)若数列{an}是正项数列,且a1+a2+…+an=n2+3n,则a12

16.等差数列{an}的前n项和为Sn,已知S10=0,S15=25,则nSn的最小值为多少?

参考答案

课时规范练29等差数列及其前n项和

1.B依据等差数列通项公式an=a1+(n-1)d,有298=1+(n-1)×3,解得n=100,故选B.

2.B由题意,当n分别取1,2时,a1+a2=4,a3+a2=8,解得公差d=2,故a1=1.故选B.

3.C∵a8+a9+a10=24,∴a9=8,即a1+8d=8,∴a1=8-8d,

a1·d=(8-8d)d=-8d-122+2≤2,当d=12时,a1·d的最大值为2,故选C.

4.C∵a3+a6=11,a5+a8=39,则4d=28,解得d=7.故选C.

5.A设公差为d,由3a3=a6+4得3(a2+d)=a2+4d+4,即d=2a2

由S510得,5(a1+a5)2=5(a2+a4)

6.D由等差数列的性质可得2(a1+a3+a5)+3(a8+a10)=6a3+6a9=36,即a1+a11=6.则S11=11(a1+a11)

7.n·2n∵Sn=2an-2n=2(Sn-Sn-1)-2n,整理得Sn-2Sn-1=2n,等式两边同时除以2n,

则Sn2n-S

又S1=2a1-2=a1,可得a1=S1=

∴数列Sn

公差为1的等差数列,∴Sn2n=n,∴Sn=n·

8.35∵数列{an},{bn}都是等差数列,设数列{an}的公差为d1,数列{bn}的公差为d2,

∴a3+b3=a1+b1+2(d1+d2)=21,而a1+b1=7,可得2(d1+d2)=21-7=14.

∴a5+b5=a3+b3+2(d1+d2)=21+14=35.

9.(1)证明当n≥2时,由an+2SnSn-1=0,得Sn-Sn-1=-2SnSn-1,

∴1Sn-1S

又1S1=1a1=

(2)解由(1)可得1Sn=2n,∴Sn=

当n≥2时,an=Sn-Sn-