SCI论文写作与投稿 第2版-课件 7-SCI论文摘要写作 .pptx

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;Abstract:ThegameofGohaslongbeenviewedasthemostchallengingofclassicgamesforartificialintelligenceowingtoitsenormoussearchspaceandthedifficultyofevaluatingboardpositionsandmoves.HereweintroduceanewapproachtocomputerGothatuses‘valuenetworks’toevaluateboardpositionsand‘policynetworks’toselectmoves.Thesedeepneuralnetworksaretrainedbyanovelcombinationofsupervisedlearningfromhumanexpertgames,andreinforcementlearningfromgamesofself-play.Withoutanylookaheadsearch,theneuralnetworksplayGoatthelevelofstate-of-the-artMonteCarlotreesearchprogramsthatsimulatethousandsofrandomgamesofself-play.WealsointroduceanewsearchalgorithmthatcombinesMonteCarlosimulationwithvalueandpolicynetworks.Usingthissearchalgorithm,ourprogramAlphaGoachieveda99.8%winningrateagainstotherGoprograms,anddefeatedthehumanEuropeanGochampionby5gamesto0.Thisisthefirsttimethatacomputerprogramhasdefeatedahumanprofessionalplayerinthefull-sizedgameofGo,afeatpreviouslythoughttobeatleastadecadeaway.;第一句交代研究领域、范围：围棋一直是人工智能领域最具挑战性的经典游戏。;第二句提出研究目的和方法：

提出一种评估棋局位置和选择落子的新方法；

基于价值网络（valuenetworks）和策略网络（policynetworks）。;第三句进一步阐释方法：对围棋高手下过的棋局进行监督学习，对自我对局棋局进行强化学习，将二者结合起来训练这些深度神经网络（价值、策略网络）。;第四句陈述使用上述方法的结果，说明方法的先进性：不用任何前向搜索，深度神经网络通过模拟成千上万的随机自我对局，可以达到最先进的蒙特卡洛树搜索程序的水准。;第五句提出另一研究目的和方法：提出一种新的搜索算法；将蒙特卡罗模拟与价值、策略网络相结合。;第六句陈述使用这一新算法的结果：开发出的围棋比赛程序AlphaGo相比其他围棋程序可以达到99.8%的获胜率，并以5∶0击败了欧洲围棋冠军。;第七句点出创新：实现了计算机程序AlphaGo在全进阶围棋比赛中首次击败人类职业棋手，是一种比常规至少提前10年实现的壮举。;Abstract:HumanactivityisleavingapervasiveandpersistentsignatureonEarth.VigorousdebatecontinuesaboutwhetherthiswarrantsrecognitionasanewgeologictimeunitknownastheAnthropocene.WereviewanthropogenicmarkersoffunctionalchangesintheEarthsystemthroughthestratigraphicrecord.Theappearanceofmanufacturedmaterialsinsediments,includingaluminum,