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BiodiversityvalueDirectvalueIndirectvalue1/14
BiodiversityvalueDirectvalueProvidefoodand?energy.Provide?richresourcesof?medicinalherbs.Provide?industrialrawmaterials.2/14
BiodiversityvalueIndirectvalueMaintainthebalanceandstabilityofecologicalsystemSolarfixedHydrologyregulationClimateregulationabsorptionanddecompositionofpollutants,Storageofnutrientelementsandpromotenutrientcyclingmaintenanceoftheevolutionaryprocess3/14
Threat-Excessivedeforestation4/14
Threat-Industrialpollution5/14
Threat-Excessiveexploitation6/14
CaseStudyCostaRicasleadingagriculturalproduceshavelongincludedbeefandbananas,whoseproductionandcultivationrequireextensiveenvironmentalmodification.7/14
AtthebeginingTheQuakersreliedonmilkandcheeseformuchoftheireconomicactivity,Theyalsosetasideone-thirdoftheirlandforconservation.TheQuakersefforts,alongwithcontributionsfrominternationalconservationorganizationsProvidedthebeginningsofwhatistodaytheMonteverdeCloudForestBiologicalReserve.Quakers:Quakers?(or?Friends,astheyrefertothemselves)aremembersofafamilyofreligiousmovementscollectivelyknownasthe?ReligiousSocietyofFriends.TheQuakersmakeitstart8/14
Thisprivatelymanaged10,500-ha(26,000-acre)reservewasestablishedin1972toprotecttheforestanditspopulationsof2,500plantspecies,400birdspecies,500butterflyspecies,100mammalspecies,and120reptileandamphibianspecies,includingthegoldentoad.MonteverdeCloudForestBiologicalReserve9/14
In1970,theCostaRicangovernmentandinternationalrepresentativescametogethertocreatethecountrysfirstnationalparksandprotectedareas.Thefirstparkscenteredonareasofspectacularscenery,suchasTortugueroNationalParkessentialnestingbeachesforthegreenturtleCahuitaNationalParkprotectaprominentcoralreefsystemPoasVolcanoNationalParkSantaRosaNationalParkencompassedvaluabletropic
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