大型语言模型对学习认知负载的影响分析（英）-2025.pdfVIP

YourBrainonChatGPT:Accumulation

ofCognitiveDebtwhenUsinganAI

AssistantforEssayWritingTask△

1

NataliyaKosmynaEugeneHauptmannYeTongYuanJessicaSitu

MITMediaLabMITWellesleyCollegeMIT

Cambridge,MACambridge,MAWellesley,MACambridge,MA

Xian-HaoLiaoAshlyVivianBeresnitzkyIrisBraunsteinPattieMaes

Mass.CollegeofArtMITMITMITMediaLab

andDesign(MassArt)Cambridge,MACambridge,MACambridge,MA

Boston,MA

UnitedStates

Figure1.ThedynamicDirectTransferFunction(dDTF)EEGanalysisofAlphaBandforgroups:

LLM,SearchEngine,Brain-only,includingp-valuestoshowsignificancefrommoderately

significant(*)tohighlysignificant(***).

1NataliyaKosmynaisthecorrespondingauthor,pleasecontactheratnkosmyna@

△DistributedunderCCBY-NC-SA

Abstract

WithtodayswideadoptionofLLMproductslikeChatGPTfromOpenAI,humansand

businessesengageanduseLLMsonadailybasis.Likeanyothertool,itcarriesitsownsetof

advantagesandlimitations.ThisstudyfocusesonfindingoutthecognitivecostofusinganLLM

intheeducationalcontextofwritinganessay.

Weassignedparticipantstothreegroups:LLMgroup,SearchEnginegroup,Brain-onlygroup,

whereeachparticipantusedadesignatedtool(ornotoolinthelatter)towrit