《轮机英语（二三管轮）》_Lesson 17 Incinerators.pptVIP

NewWordsandExpressionsunhygienic[??nha??d?i?n?k]a.不卫生的；不健康的galleywasten.厨余垃圾polychlorinatedbiphenylsn.多氯联苯halogen[?h?l?d??n]n.卤素estuary[?est?u?ri]n.河口；江口refuse[r?fju?z]n.垃圾，废弃物draught[drɑ?ft]n.引风；通风sterilize[?ster?la?z]v.消毒，杀菌；NewWordsandExpressionsodor[??d?]n.气味；臭味refractory[r??fr?kt?ri]n.耐火材料blackout[?bl?ka?t]n.断电GeneralIntroductionPollutionatseaisamatterofgraveconcernwhichhascompelledconcernedauthoritiestomakestricterlegislationbybanningdisposalatseaatmanysensitiveareas.Accumulatingwastetillthetimeshipreachesthenextportcanbedangerousandunhygienic.AccordingtoAnnexVofMARPOL73/78conventionofIMO,guidelinesregardingthewastematerialstorageanddisposalofwasteatseaneedtobestrictlyfollowed.Incinerationofvariousmaterialssuchasgalleywaste,foodscraps,accommodationwaste,linen,cardboards,oilsludgefromlubricatingoil,fueloil,bilgeandpurifier,andsewagesludge,isoneofthemosteffectivewaysofdisposalandsavingstoragecapacityofthetanksandwastestoragecontainmentsonships(对各种材料（如厨余垃圾、食物残渣、住宿废物、亚麻布、纸板，以及来自润滑油、燃料油、舱底和分油机的油泥和生活污水的污泥）进行焚烧是节省船舶废物储罐和储存容器容量的最有效的处理方法之一).GeneralIntroductionGeneralIntroductionIncineratorsareusedforthispurpose.Incineratorsburnthefood,sewageandoilwasteathightemperatures,reducingthewastetodisposableash(seeFig.17-1).Forallforeigngoingvessel,anincineratorinstalledonboardtheshiponorafter1January2000mustcomplywithrequirementsofthestandardspecificationsforshipboardincineratorsdevelopedundertheregulationsofMEPC.76(40)andamendmentsMEPC.93(45),MEPC.244(66).Thefollowingmaterialshouldnotbeincinerated:?AnnexI,IIandIIIcargoresiduesofthepresentConventionandrelatedcontaminatedpackingmaterials;?Polychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs)?Garbage,asdefinedinAnnexVofthepresentConvention,containingmorethantr