复旦 专业英语2 命名.pdfVIP

Nomenclatureof

inorganiccompounds

钪

钛

钒

铬

锰

铁

钴

镍铅镉

铜钯锶

锌银钡

镓金氪

锗铂钨

砷汞锆

硒碘

溴锡

Nameofcompounds

Stocksystem(AlbertStock）:

Forthenamingofcompoundsofmetals(oxides,hydroxidesand

salts)inwhichthemetalmayexhibitmorethanoneoxidationstate:

TheoxidationstateofthemetalisshownbyaRomannumeralin

parenthesesimmediatelyfollowingtheEnglishnameofthemetal

whichcorrespondstoitsoxidationnumber.

Nonumeralisusedifthemetalhasonlyonecommonoxidation

number

e.g.NaCl:sodiumchloride;Al(OH):aluminumhydroxide

3

FeBr:iron(II)bromide；

2

如果不用罗马数字表明其价态，也可用离子

的名称表示

e.g.FeCl2:ferrouschloride(iron(II)chloride)

FeCl3:ferricchloride(iron(III)chloride)

Nomenclatureof

organiccompounds

Nomenclaturerules

Alkalihalides:NaCl,KBr,KI……

Organichalides:alkylhalidesCHCl,CHBr,CHI

32525

RXR:anyhydrocarbongroupsuchasmethyl,ethyl,orpropyl

X:anyhalogen(F,Cl,Br,I)F

Cl

Br

ChloromethaneBromo-ethane

Fluoro-benzene

ROHanyalcohol

Methylalcohol:CHOHEthylalcohol:CHOH