清华大学机械工程课程PPTCH11-SME-EngMater.pptVIP

Chapter11-CompositesAcomposite:Multiphase:matrix+reinforcement;Bettercombinationofproperties(teamwork);Artificiallymade(excludingwood,bone,multiphasealloysandceramics)

11.1Fiber-ReinforcedComposites:Fibers–FiberTypesandPropertiesThefibersshouldbe:strong,stiff,lightweight,andsometimeshighTm;longenough;properlyoriented;appropriatelybondedwiththematrix.?Fibertypesandproperties:Whiskers:verythinsinglecrystals;nearlyperfectcrystalline;virtuallyflawfree;exceptionallyhighstrength;expensive;mainlyceramic.Fibers:smalldiameters;eitherpolycrystallineoramorphous;eitherpolymersorceramics.Wires:relativelylargediameters;mainlyrefractorymetals.SiCwhiskers:1-3?mindiameter,50-200?mlong.

11.1Fiber-ReinforcedComposites:Fibers–FiberTypesandProperties

11.1Fiber-ReinforcedComposites:Fibers–FiberTypesandPropertiesTable16.3ApproximatecostsoffibersFiberCost(US$/kg)Boron700SiC220Al2O366Carbon66Aramid(Kevlar)47E-glass7Atowofabout600carbonfibers?Al2O3?SiC

11.1Fiber-ReinforcedComposites:Fibers–FiberTypesandProperties?Mainfibersforreinforcingplastics:Glassfibers:lowerstrengthandE,higherelongationanddensity;lowercost;mostcommonlyused;producedbydrawingmonofilamentsfromafurnaceandgatheringthemtoformastrand.E(electrical)glass:52-56%SiO2+12-16%Al2O3+16-25%CaO+8-13%B2O3S(high-strength)glass:usedformilitaryandaerospaceapplication.