环境学原理硕士课程.pdf

环境学原理 Principles of Environmental Sciences and its Applications 李小梅 PHD, 副教授 研究方向：景观生态学、生态环境评价、环境影响评价 TEL: Email: lxm.sha@126.com QQ: 280828954 办公地址：实验中心楼 Room 120 What is environment? 1. 环境:是以人类为主体的外部世界，即人类赖以生存和发展的物质条件的综 是以人类为主体的外部世界，即人类赖以生存和发展的物质条件的综 合体。环境是相对于某一个中心事物的.因此环境本身的概念和定义是无范 合体。环境是相对于某一个中心事物的.因此环境本身的概念和定义是无范 围和界限的(Flexible). 环境概念中包含一种关系即主体与客体的相互作用 围和界限的(Flexible). 环境概念中包含一种关系即主体与客体的相互作用 关系. 关系. Environmental Science is by nature an interdisciplinary field. The word environment is usually understood to mean the surrounding environment conditions that affect people and other organisms. In a broader definition, environment is everything that affects an organism during its lifetime. In turn, all organisms including people affect many components in their environment. ____Eldon D. Enger, Bradley F. Smith. Environmental Science _A study of interrelationships. 清华大学出版社 What is Environmental Science † Science is systematized knowledge derived from and tested by systematized knowledge recognition and formulation of a problem, collection of data through observation, and experimentation. † Whereas the disciplines of biology, chemistry, and physics(and their subdisciplines) are focused on a particular aspect of natural science, environmental science in its broadest sense encompasses environmental science all the fields of natural science. Environmental science is an Environmental science is an organized body of knowledge about environmental relationships. organized body of knowledge about environmental relationships. Mackenzie L.Davis, Susan J. Masten. Principles of Environmental Engineering and Science.清华大学出版社 Principles of Environmental Science 左玉辉认为:环境学独立于自