不同价态无机砷对蜈蚣草的毒害和砷在植物体内的转运.docVIP

  不同价态无机砷对蜈蚣草的毒害和砷在植 物体内的转运# 娄来清，吴惊昊，史高玲，蔡庆生* 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （南京农业大学生命科学学院，南京 210095） 摘要：用溶液培养的方法研究了 As (III) 和 As (V) 对蜈蚣草生长和砷吸收、转运的影响。 研究结果表明，100 μmol L-1 As (V) 处理显著抑制蜈蚣草根系的伸长，减少侧根数，而相同 浓度的 As (III) 处理蜈蚣草 1 天和 3 天时，其根系伸长和侧根数与对照相比没有明显差异， 只有当 As (III)处理 6 天时，才会明显抑制根系的伸长，促进蜈蚣草的侧根发生。As (III) 和 As (V) 处理 6 天均能导致蜈蚣草根系和地上部 H2O2 含量增加，As (V) 的作用更为明显。 蜈蚣草对不同价态的砷的吸收能力存在明显差异，在 As (V) 处理条件下，蜈蚣草地上部砷 的含量显著高于 As (III) 处理。在对蜈蚣草离体叶片和羽叶的研究中发现，As (III) 处理时， 羽叶中砷的含量是 As (V) 处理的 2.0-3.2 倍，而中脉中的砷含量在两个处理之间没有显著差 异。为了研究根系细胞膜对蜈蚣草砷吸收的影响，利用 NaClO 浸泡法破坏了蜈蚣草根系细 胞膜，根系细胞膜被破坏以后，蜈蚣草对 As (V) 的吸收显著减少，根系和地上部砷的含量 明显降低。以上结果表明，在 As (III) 处理的条件下，蜈蚣草中砷积累量和 H2O2 含量明显 低于 As (V)处理，而侧根数增加可以弥补根伸长受到抑制对植物的影响，以减少砷对植物生 长的抑制。蜈蚣草对 As (V)的吸收受根系细胞膜的影响较大。 关键词：蜈蚣草；As (III) ；As (V)；根系 中图分类号：Q89 The toxicity and transport of As (III) and As (V) in Pteris vittata LOU Laiqing, Wu Jinghao, SHI Gaoling, CAI Qingsheng (College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, NanJing 210095) Abstract: Hydroponic cultures were used to study the toxicity and transport of As (III) and As (V) in Chinese brake fern. The results show that root elongations and lateral root numbers were significantly inhibited by 100 μmol L-1 As (V), while the same inhibition were not observed under the treatment of 100 μmol L-1 As (V) for 1 and 3 days. The decrease in root elongation and increase in lateral root number were found when exposed to As (III) for 6 days. As (III) and As (V) caused the increase in H2O2 contents in roots and fronds of Chinese brake fern, especially for As (V) treatment.The As concentrations in Chinese brake fern were significantly higher when the plants were exposed to As (V) than those of As (III). However, different phenomenon was found in excised fronds and pinnae, As contents in pinnae were 2.0-3.2 times higher in the treatment of As (V) than those of As (III), while there is no significant difference in midrib between two treatments. As concentrations in roots and fronds of Chinese brake fern were signifi