小麦多品种混播控制条锈病的效果和机理研究.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2009,42(10):3485-3492 Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2009.10.013 小麦多品种混播控制条锈病的效果和机理研究 郭世保，黄丽丽，康振生，程晶晶，陆宁海，杨之为，陈银潮 （西北农林科技大学植物保护学院/ 陕西省农业分子生物学重点实验室，陕西杨凌 712100 ） 摘要： 【目的】研究多品种混播对条锈病的控制效果及其机理，为利用品种混播这种生态控制条锈病的方法 应用提供理论依据。【方法】在田间分别设计 6 个品种单播及其 9 个组合的混播小区，比较研究条锈病的发生情 况和产量差异；并采用 TP-M13-SSR 技术分析自然发病条件下条锈菌群体的遗传多样性。【结果】多品种混播小区 苗期发病中心较少，且发病中心的扩展速度明显受到抑制，在春季流行阶段病情指数显著降低；品种混播以抗- 感组合较好，2007 年其相对防效平均为 73.27%，相对增产率平均为 13.26%；混播中组分数目对病害和产量的影 响无明显差异；混播小区条锈菌的遗传多样性高于单播小区。【结论】多品种混播对小麦小麦条锈病有较好的控制 效果，并可明显降低产量损失；品种多样化有利于条锈菌群体结构的稳定；品种混播可作为生态防病措施之一。 关键词：小麦；条锈病菌；品种混播；病情指数；遗传多样性 Efficacy and Mechanism of Control of Wheat Stripe Rust by Diversifying Cultivars in Mix-Planting GUO Shi-bao, HUANG Li-li, KANG Zhen-sheng, CHENG Jing-jing, LU Ning-hai, YANG Zhi-wei, CHEN Yin-chao (College of Plant Protection and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi) Abstract: 【Objective 】 To provide a theoretical basis for the use of mix-planting as an ecological control method for wheat stripe rust, the control efficacy and mechanism of wheat stripe rust by diversifying cultivars in mix-planting were studied. 【Method 】 Six mono-cultivars treatments and nine mix-cultivars treatments were designed and disease incidence, foci numbers and yield per plot were investigated. Furthmore, TP-M13-SSR technique was employed to detect population genetic diversity of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in natural infested wheat in mono-cultivar and mix-cultivar plots. 【Result 】 The foci numbers and development of disease at seedling stage were obviously inhibited on mix-cultivar plots compared to mono-cultivar plots. Th