马来语与汉语量词对比研究--以马来语量词词典《Kamus Penjodoh Bilangan Daya》132个量词为例.pdfVIP

马来语与汉语量词对比研究 ——以马来语量词词典 《Kamus Penjodoh Bilangan Daya》 132 个量词为例 [摘 要] 本文集中探讨的问题分为两个部分：首先，考察马来语与汉语这两种语言量 词的历时发展演变及分类方法上的异同，以此为铺垫把 132 个马来语量词细分为个体量 词、集合量词、容器量词、部分量词、度量衡量词、动量词；其次，分别探讨有哪些马 来语量词与汉语量词在词义及用法上是基本完全对应的；哪些是完全不对应的；哪些是 不完全对应的。本文重点探讨的是最后一类。 文章最后总结出马来语量词与汉语量词在分类方法上具有差异性；汉语量词可分为四 大类，而马来语主要只有名量词 （131 个）和动量词 （1 个）两大类。就对应的两种语言 的量词在词义与用法上的对比，约 2/3 的马来语量词与对应的汉语量词在应用范围上是不 完全对应的，它们之间的差异性大过共同性，这促使马来裔学习者在学习汉语时常常觉 得量词很难掌握。对这两种语言的量词进行对比分析，有助于为马来裔学习者厘清两种 语言相应的量词在词义与用法上的异同，同时为教师在汉语量词教学方面提供参考。 [关键词] 马来语；汉语；量词 I A Comparative Study of Malay and Chinese Quantifiers ——Instancing 132 Quantifiers from Malay Quantifiers Dictionary 《Kamus Penjodoh Bilangan Daya》 Abstract ：This paper focuses in: First, study the similarities and differences of the evolution as well as classification of the two languages’ quantifiers and then divide the total 132 Malay quantifiers (as per stated in Malay Quantifiers Dictionary) into Individual Quantifiers, Collective Quantifiers, Container Quantifiers, Partial Quantifiers, Metrology Quantifiers ，and Quantifiers for Verbs. Second, compare the meaning and application, mainly the extent where they correspond, which of the Malay and Chinese quantifiers are corresponding entirely, do not correspond entirely or partially corresponding . Our main concern here is the last type. Lastly, this paper concludes that the difference between Malay and Chinese quantifiers’ classification is greater than their similarity. There are 4 main categories in Chinese quantifiers whereas there are only 2 main categories in Malay, which are 131 Quantifiers for Nouns and 1 Quantifiers for Verbs. In terms of meaning and application comparison, almost 2/3 of Malay quantifiers are p