基础医学选修课也要注重实践操作.docVIP

基础医学选修课也要注重实践操作 —“心的临床应用解剖学”选修课教学改革和体会 张 炎， 杨向群， 李玉泉 （第二军医大学解剖学教研室， 上海 200433） [摘要] 文章分析了医学院校基础医学选修课现状和突出问题。以“心的临床应用解剖学”选修课为例，谈改革教学方法、解剖教学联系临床实际、尤其是激发学生的学习和科研兴趣、鼓励学生自己动手解剖心、培养操作能力和拓展知识及跟踪医学科学发展的能力。文章总结了改革“心的临床应用解剖学”教学模式可明显提高教学效果和质量，强调基础医学选修课也必须注重实践操作。 [关键词] 基础医学选修课； 教学改革； 解剖操作实践；心的临床应用解剖 Practice operation shall be valued in teaching basic medical elective course - The experience of reforming the teaching course: The clinical applied anatomy of heart ZHANG Yan, YANG Xiang-qun, LI Yu-quan (Department of Anatomy， the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China) Abstract：In this paper, the present advantage and disadvantage or problems of basic medical sciences elective courses in college and university are analyzed and indicated．Meanwhile, the experience of teaching optional course of clinical applied anatomy of heart has been presented, including the reforming teaching method, combining the anatomical theory with the clinical specialty, especially boosting the interesting in the course and medical research, encouraging students to do more dissection and culturing their competence in learning and following closely the trends of medical science and technology development. The new teaching style received a better teaching effect and improved the teaching quality. The paper positively emphasized the significance that the teachers should pay more attention to practice training in their teaching students of optional courses. Key Words: basic medical elective course; teaching reform; dissection practice operation; the clinical applied anatomy of heart 目前，国内医学院校普遍设置选修课，主要依据任课教师的教学和科研特长以及教师所在科室和实验室的教学科研特点，开设多门公共选修课和专业选修课提高学生综合素质和能力 一、分析教师和学生与选修课的关系[3，4] 学生和教师对选修课目的和动机决定了参与的方式和投入程度，这些都直接影响着选修课的效果和质量。学校本着提高学生的人文和科学素养，促进不同学科的交叉渗透，培养学生的创新思维和批判精神等原则， 正视选修课的现状和突出问题[5] 选修课的内容广泛，教师往往是结合自己的科研工作以讲座形式向学生介绍一些实验及研究进展的情况。开课方式灵活多样，一般以考查为主，受到大多数学生的欢迎。但目前选修课也存在一些不足。如国内医学院校的选修课门类众多，课程水平良莠不齐。有的教师仅仅是为了应付工作业绩考核而开设某某选修课，一般都用黑板和电子幻灯上选修课；也有少数学生对选修课的积