论沈从文文学批评的审美意识.pdfVIP

中 文 摘 要 在二十世纪三十年代的中国文学批评史上，与其他批评家和作家相比，沈从 文 （1902－1988）的文学观点和见解十分独特，值得我们认真关注。 从二十世纪六十年代夏志清的评价，到八十年代的 “沈从文热”，九十年代 的沈从文研究进入了一种沉稳的状态。如果说这些研究主要集中在其文学作品研 究方面，本文则试图从沈从文的文学批评所蕴涵的审美意识角度出发，来阐述沈 从文文学批评的独特魅力。应该说，独特的审美意识贯穿于沈从文文学评论本身， 在审美感受层面上表现为语言层面的唯美气质以及中和、恰当、和谐的文学技巧 主张；不仅如此，沈从文还充分重视主体意识和读者环节的意义；当然，他更把 审美视为人生的一种境界，将文学审美活动视为活的个体生命活动，从而把抒写 人性、展现生命作为文学审美活动的理想。总体看来，他的文学批评既具有开放 性的思维，又具有清醒自觉的主体意识；既看到文学的现实品格，也尊重文学的 美学品格和艺术规律。我们可以充分借鉴沈从文的文学批评，为构建更切合中国 人审美特点的文学批评而努力。 关键词：沈从文；文学批评；审美意识 5 ABSTRACT In the history of the literary criticism in the 1930s of China , the literature view and opinion of Shen Congwen (1902- 1988 ) , compared with other critic and writer, are very unique . It is deserved the close attention of us. The study on him entered a kind of steady state in the 1990s, through from the appraisal of Xia Zhiqing in the 1960s to “ fever for Shen Congwen ”later on, and these are mainly concentrated on research of his works. This thesis attempts to do a more comprehensive representing to Shen Congwen ’s literary criticism, proceeds from aesthetic consciousness angle that Shen Congwen ’s literary criticism contains, to explain the unique glamour of Shen Congwen’s literary criticism. Discovered through this thesis, the aesthetic consciousness that we find the whole is running through in Shen Congwen’s literary criticism, shown as the only beautiful makings, appropriate , harmonious literature skill. In the aesthetic activity, Shen Congwen still fully pays attention to subject consciousness and meaning of readers link. Certainly, he regards being aesthetic as a kind of realm of life, regards the aesthetic activity of literature as the individual life activity alive, and represents the life as literature aesthetic ideal. In a word, his literary criticism h