绿色壁垒的可持续发展观外文原文.pdfVIP

Journal of Economic Policy Reform Vol. 10, No. 3, 233–240, September 2007 Green Barriers from the Standpoint of Sustainable Development WANG YUJING* LIU HUIHUANG** *Hunan University Tianjin University of Commerce, PRC, **Hunan University, PRC yjwang0303@ YujingWang2007Journal of Economic Policy ReformTaylor and Francis LtdTaylor Francis000000September 2007GPRE_A_245534.sgmOriginal Article310.1080/174878707014565451748-7870 (print)/1748-7889 (online)10 ABSTRACT Green barriers are one kind of non-tariff barrier (NTB). This paper points out that green barriers evolved from sustainable development theory and environmental protection, but are compatible with true comparative advantage. The best way to surmount green barriers for Chinese enterprises is to implement circular production processes and clean production techniques. KEY WORDS: Green barriers, sustainable development, ecology environment, circular economy, life-cycle analysis JEL CODES: Q01, Q27, Q34, Q56 1. Introduction Since the opening up and economic reform of China, its foreign trade volume has risen continuously from US$20.6 billion in 1978 to US$1,422 billion in 2005. The sum of exports plus imports as a fraction of GDP is 65.8%, the share of exports is 36.2%, the share of imports is 29.6% in 2006 in China (The National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2006). Exports mainly concen- trate on labor intensive and resource intensive industries: labor intensive products accounting for 40% of total manufacturing exports and resource intensive including rubber and metal products accounting for 20%. This export pattern depletes resources and causes high emissions and high pollu- tion, a serious environmental problem in China (Gu, 2005). In addition, besides agricultural products, the exportation o