论我国产品缺陷认定标准法律制度的完善 —以美国产品责任法律制度为借鉴.pdfVIP

中文摘要 现代意义上的产品责任法体系是以产品缺陷制度为中心而建立起来的，围绕产品是否 存在缺陷来确定产品责任及分配损害风险。一国的产品缺陷及其认定标准的法律制度体现 了该国产品责任法律的原则立场和价值目标，也是其法律制度发展水平的标志。我国产品 缺陷的概念借鉴了美国《第二次侵权法重述》中的内容，将产品存在的不合理危险作为核 心，具有浓厚的比较法色彩，但是在不合理危险的界定以及产品缺陷的具体认定标准等方 面，两国的规定存在着较大分歧，体现了两国平衡生产者、销售者和消费者利益关系的法 律政策倾向，也使得两国在消费者保护水平方面存在一定的差距。所以要完善我国产品责 任立法，首先就要构建以产品缺陷理论为中心的产品责任制度，而这样的理论框架必须是 以明确对产品缺陷认定标准研究的重要性和必要性为前提的。同时，要用理性的思维和态 度对待我国产品缺陷具体法律制度的立法改进和发展，其受到我国法律文化传统、社会经 济结构及现实立法背景的诸多限制，在借鉴外国先进制度的基础上使其内化于我国具体国 情尤为重要。 [关键词]产品缺陷；认定标准；比较借鉴；制度创新 I Abstract The modern Product liability legal system is established on the center of defect of Product. Products liability making producers and sellers bear the duty of giving rise to damages because of defective product . Product defect and the identification criteria of it reflect the aim and value of product liability law in a country. The definition of product defect in china is reference to that of the US second restatement, take the “unreasonable danger” as the core element of the product defect. But the concrete criteria judging defect of Product are not the same, which leads to the different protection levels enjoyed by the consumers of both countries, these reflects the interest measurement at different level of interests and legal policy Orientation also. To improve the product defects legal system, we must building products liability legal system which centering about defect of Product. At the same time, perfect the legal system of product defect and the identification criteria in China is a long-term process. It is still restricted by traditional legal culture, legal thinking patterns and level of economic and social development, so it is important that we take an impersonal attitude and rational thought to the