TBT对浙江机电产品出口的影响及对策毕业论文.docVIP

毕业论文 （20_ _届） TBT对浙江机电产品出口的影响及对策 摘 要 机电产品一直是我国第一大类出口商品。浙江作为机电出口大省，机电一直在总体上保持着强劲的增长势头。随着浙江机电产品出口市场份额的增加和市场范围的扩大，一些国家尤其是发达国家为保护本国利益，纷纷设置非关税壁垒来限制进口，其中技术性贸易壁垒的运用最为频繁和隐蔽，因技术性贸易壁垒而产生的贸易摩擦也日益增多。技术性壁垒对我国机电产品出口有明显的限制作用，但对浙江机电产业也有一定的消极影响。其消极影响是增加了出口成本，削弱了国际竞争力，阻碍了浙江出口贸易的发展；积极影响是推动浙江机电企业技术创新和产业结构升级。由于机电产品是浙江的主要出口产品，而欧盟又是浙江机电产品出口的主要市场，随着欧盟《报废电子电气设备指令》（简称WEEE）和《关于在电子电气设备中限制使用某些有害物质指令》（简称ROHS）的相继出台，以及欧盟第三波“绿色壁垒”——《能耗产品生态设计要求指令》(EUP指令)的发布，这些指令对全省出口造成的不利影响，还牵连到相关零部件生产企业，并对相关制造业产生负面影响。怎样突破技术性贸易壁垒这一“瓶颈”，从而使浙江的机电产品出口贸易良性发展，已经成为亟待研究的现实课题。面对国外日益苛刻的技术性贸易壁垒应从政府和企业方面积极应对促进机电产品的出口 关键词：机电产品；技术性贸易壁垒；出口贸易；标准化Abstract Mechanical and electrical products have been our largest export commodity. Zhejiang is a province of exporting numerous mechanical and electrical products, mechanical and electrical products have been generally maintained strong growth momentum. With the increase of mechanical and electrical products export market share and the expansion of market scope, some countries, especially the developed countries, set up non-tariff barriers including technical barriers to trade, which is used frequently and surreptitiously, to restrict imports to protect their own interests, trade frictions producing for technical barriers have been increasing. The technical barriers to trade have obvious restricting effects, but also have some negative effects on Zhejiang province, mechanical and electric industry. The negative affects are increasing the proudest cost, weakening the international competition power, clanging the development of Zhejiang province export trade. The positive affects of the technical barriers to trade on Zhejiang province’s mechanical and electrical industries are push in the technical innovation and structural upgrade. As mechanical and electrical products is the provinces main export products, while the EU is the provinces major mechanical and electrical products export markets. With the European Union s waste electrical and electronic equipment directive(referred to WEEE)