环境贸易措施对浙江农产品出口的影响及对策毕业论文.docVIP

毕业论文 （20_ _届） 环境贸易措施对浙江农产品出口的影响及对策 摘 要 20世纪中叶以来，科学技术的进步不断改变人类的生存方式，环境问题在国际贸易领域的影响力越来越大。由于农业对环境具有高度的依赖性，因此在农产品国际贸易中的环境因素日益受到重视，一些发达国家出台了严格的农产品环境贸易措施和苛刻的准入标准，这对我国的农产品出口造成了不利的影响。 浙江省是我国农产品出口大省，浙江农产品出口总量虽呈增长的趋势，但是总体发展呈现季节性、地区性、不平衡性。近年来在农产品出口中频繁遭遇进口国的环境贸易措施，浙江农产品出口遭遇环境贸易措施主要表现在关税措施、进口限制、出口限制和卫生与植物卫生措施。这些环境贸易措施对浙江省的农产品出口既有积极影响，又有消极影响。环境贸易措施在促进浙江农产品结构优化和农业经济技术发展的同时，也减少了农产品的出口市场范围，削减了出口企业的效益。浙江省农产品出口的环境制约因素主要有农产品加工水平不高，高端加工机械主要依赖进口；农产品对美出口依然受阻，双方企业竞争不对等。基于以上情况，必须采取切实有效的措施，如政府应建立环境贸易壁垒的预警机制，加快农产品环境贸易措施的立法，加强与环境有关的绿色认证工作，研究WTO规则；企业应扩大规模，提高出口竞争力，强化企业知识产权意识，实行品牌战略，调整出口农产品结构，大力发展符合绿色贸易的农产品等。 关键词：Abstract Since the mid-twentieth century, the development of science and technology constantly changed the method of the human’s survival way, the influence of the environmental problems in international trade field increased fast.Because agriculture has high dependence with the environment, the environment factors in agricultural products of international trade are more appreciated, some developed country has issued a strict agricultural environment trade measures and rigorous access standard, which has had a corrosive effect on our country’s agricultural product. Zhejiang province is one of Chinese exporting agricultural product, the total of agricultural exports although presented a growing trend, but overall development presented seasonality, regional and unbalance. In recent years in the agricultural product export frequent encountered the importing environment trade measures, Zhejiang agricultural exports encounter environmental trade measures mainly displays in tariff measures, import restrictions, export restrictions and health and plant health measures. These environmental trade measures on Zhejiang agricultural product export has both positive and negative influence effect. Environmental trade measures in promoting Zhejiang agricultural structure optimization and the agricultural economy and technology development and at the same time, also reduced the agricultural product ex