美国不断变化的海洋和沿海经济外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 The Changing Ocean and Coastal Economy of the United States Material Source: Author: Charles S.Colgan The United States Commission on Ocean Policy has undertaken a major review of factors affecting the nation’s coasts and oceans and will be reporting on its recommendations for changes in national policy in 2009.An important part of the changes affecting the coasts and oceans have been changes in the demographic and economic environment as well as the natural environment.To help understand changes, the Commission asked the National Ocean Economics Project(NOEP)to prepare an analysis of these factors based on the Project’s data on the ocean and coastal economy.The NOEP is an independent research project located at universities on the east and west coasts,and funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)and the Environmental Protect Agency(EPA.). This paper provides a summary of key findings on the socio-economic factors influencing the coastal and ocean economy that have been provided to the Commission and explores the implications of those trends.The report to the Commission primarily considers these trends from a national perspective;this paper explores some of the implications of these trends for state policies. Ten major conclusions have been drawn from the socio-economic analysis: 1.The coast is not a single area.Socio-economic data suggests at least four different regions that are coastal(coastal states,coastal watershed counties,coastal zone counties,and the near shore). 2.The common perception that“everyone is moving to the coast”is incorrect.The pressure of population growth in coastal regions comes from the increasing size of the population within a fixed land area,not from a disproportionately large amount of growth. While the population growth rate in coastal areas has been consistent with national trends, the sheer size of the population density in the coastal area has major effects. 3.Dramatic changes in the coast have com