全球纺织服装供应链作为产业升级路线外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文 Global Apparel and Textile Supply Chains as a Route for Industrial Upgrading Material Source: Working Papers Volume I Author: Peter G. Peterson Egypt after the Multi-Fiber Arrangement: Global Apparel and Textile Supply Chains as a Route for Industrial Upgrading What can a country like Egypt learn from the success of the East Asian countries in using the apparel industry to drive export-led growth? Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, in some areas like Taiwan, South Korea, and Hong Kong, exporting light manufactures like apparel helped spur a process of industrial upgrading and economic development. The success of these areas has led many researchers to explore whether the process can be replicated in other developing economies. In the classic path of upgrading, firms begin with low value-added assembly of garments for buyers in developed countries and, as their capabilities increase over time, move up the supply chain to higher value-added segments. Through a process of technology transfer, learning by doing in response to increasing interaction with demanding customers in developed markets, participating in global supply chains allowed and indeed required companies in East Asia to upgrade their manufacturing and managerial capabilities. As these industries grew and increased their demand for locally-sourced inputs, their development had beneficial spillover effects to the local economy as a whole. The apparel industry that remains an attractive one for developing countries like Egypt-garment production is low-capital and high-labor intensive, and the local population of 66 million provides a natural market for output and a springboard for exports. The industry accounts for about 20 percent of all of Egypt’s exports and employs nearly 30 percent of manufacturing employment, suggesting that it has a strong foundation. Unfortunately, as more and more countries try simultaneously to use the apparel sector to replicate the success of the East Asian newly