试析美国孟山都公司如何构建其在全球粮食市场体系中的优势地位.pdfVIP

摘要 自2005 年起一路飙升的世界粮食价格，已经导致了全球性的粮食危机与多 国国内的动荡。由于具有明显的竞争优势，全球巨型粮食公司在新一轮的粮食危 机中俨然成了最大的赢家。目前它们依然在国际粮食市场中保持着高额的收益， 并且越赚越多。 针对这一现象，本文尝试以美国孟山都公司为个案研究对象，从自由主义与 激进主义两个学术视角，分析粮食跨国公司构建全球优势地位的途径和手段。本 文认为，孟山都公司主要是依靠世界市场这个平台构建出其全球优势地位的。该 公司在扩张中所使用的手段是复杂的：该公司既运用了种种比较正当的市场经济 手段（如专利保护、消费宣传、与其他粮食巨头的联合等），又运用了种种不正 当竞争手段（如对种子进行绝育、雇佣侦探公司、与美国政府的联合等）。 本文首先对孟山都公司的全球优势地位进行描述和确认，然后分别从自由主 义和激进主义两个视角，论述孟山都公司如何使用正当手段和非正当手段在全球 粮食市场中创建其优势地位，最后，在对自由主义、激进主义两个学派的解释力 进行探讨的基础上，本文初步揭示了巨型跨国公司正在成为全球化环境下国际社 会的一种新权力形态。在结束语中，本文对孟山都公司构建全球优势地位的手段 与途径进行了总结，并针对中国如何应对外国粮食巨头的挑战提出自己的若干见 解。 关键词： 孟山都公司；全球粮食市场体系；新全球权力形态 I Abstract The dramatic rising of the world food prices from 2005 had created a global food crisis and social unrests in many countries. However, due to the great competitive advantages, several global food companies had become the biggest winners during the new round of food crisis. Now they are still maintaining a high level of revenues in the world food market, and would like to make more profits as expected. This thesis selects Monsanto Company as the case of study and tries to analyze how this food Giant created its global predominance presence from liberal perspective and radical perspective. This thesis holds such a view that Monsanto Company is mainly dependent on transnational market forces to establish its global predominance. Monsanto’s competitive methods are complicated: not only the allowable market means (such as patent protection, consumer promotion, cooperation with other food giant, etc.) but also unallowable means (such as sterilization of seeds, hiring detective companies, special help from the official power, etc.). This thesis firstly describes and evaluates the global predominance presence of Monsanto, and then concretely