试论国际海事组织在制订公约和法案过程中如何协调其成员利益.pdfVIP

中文摘要 在国际航运的规范性和国际海事组织成员多样化的利益之间，始终存在矛盾， 处理这些矛盾是国际海事组织（IMO ）的重要使命。具体到制定与国际海事相关 的公约或法规方面，如何让这些公约或法规在促进国际航运健康发展的同时又能 最大限度保证各成员方利益的均衡，是 IMO 的一项艰巨任务。 本文试图探讨 IMO 在公约或法规制定过程中的争端解决方式，并通过两个具 体案例——《安全与环保国际拆船公约》和《IMO 成员国自愿审核机制决议案》 分析 IMO 如何在公约或法规制订过程中协调各方利益和解决争议。具体来说， 本文将在探究 IMO 成员利益争执原因的基础上，分析 IMO 在公约或法规法案制 订过程中通过何种机制和方式来协调各成员方的利益冲突，特别是发达国家和发 展中国家的利益冲突，并最终从中得出若干相关启示。 关键词：国际海事组织；利益协调；“香港公约”；“自愿审核机制”； I Abstract Considering the normality of international shipping and the diversity of interests of the member states of International Maritime Organization (IMO), the contradictions will exist among them for a long time. Solving these contradictions is an important mission for IMO. As concerned as the process of legislation of IMO, to let those conventions or regulations facilitate international shipping and ensure the interests of all members balanced at the same time, is a hard task for IMO. Through two specific cases — “International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships ”and “the Voluntary Auditing Mechanism of IMO Member States”, this article tries to discuss IMO how to coordinate the interests of all its members and deal with the disputes in legislation. Specifically, on the basis of the discussion of the origins of those contradictions among the IMO members, this article tries to discuss IMO how to coordinate the interests of all members and deal with the disputes in legislation, especially the contradictions between developed members and developing members, and finally draw several useful relevant revelations. Key words ： IMO, Interest Coordin