关于“语言生态学”.pdfVIP

第34 卷 第3 期 上 海 理 工 大 学 学 报 (社会科学版) Vol. 34 No. 3 20 12 年9 月 Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Sept. 2012 关于“语言生态学” 蔡永良 (上海海事大学 外国语学院，上海 201306) 摘要：20 世纪70 年代初Haugen 提出了语言生态学，这是一门有别于传统语言学的新兴语言学科， 研究环境与语言的相互作用。由于它与语言接触、语言衰亡等研究之间的渊源关系，使它更多地关 注环境对语言的作用。Haugen 把这一作用分成十个方面，为语言生态学确定了研究范围； Mühlhäusler 提倡综合分析影响语言存在和发展的因素，批判语言帝国主义，将维护语言多样性作 为语言生态学的主要关怀；Tsuda 在继续深入批判语言霸权主义和语言殖民主义的基础上，引入语 言平等、语言人权思想，加深和拓宽了这一学科的内涵与外延。 关键词：语言生态；语言霸权；语言平等 中图分类号：H 313 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1009-895X(2012)03-0211-07 Language Ecology ：Thesis and Theories Cai Yongliang (College of Foreign Languages , Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306,China) Abstract: Initiated by Haugen in the 1970‟s, language ecology as a branch of learning is the study of the mutual effects language and environment play in the course of language communication, different from the structure oriented traditional linguistics. With its close relations to the sociolinguistic approaches to language contact, language decline and the like, the subject renders more attention to the effect environment plays upon language, which Haugen classifies into 10 aspects as its major concern. Mühlhäusler advocates that linguistic ecology can achieve its purpose only with its involvement with a profound criticism of linguistic imperialism which undermines language ecology in Pacific region in specific and that of the whole world in general, and an adoption of holistic perspective of the effect taking all factors into consideration. Meanwhil