低强度脉冲超声波促进骨折愈合的研究进展.docVIP

低强度脉冲超声波促进骨折愈合的研究进展 李燕如 张长杰审校 中南大学湘雅二医院康复科 摘要 低强度脉冲超声波（low-intensity pulsed ultrasound LIUS）在骨折修复过程中是一种生物物理形式的干预，超声波以压力波的形式存在，可对骨和周围组织产生微型压力作用，并通过一系列机制促进新鲜骨折的愈合、增加延迟愈合和不愈合骨痂的形成。超声波在理论上，可以代替一定的外力刺激，从而提供了一种促进骨折愈合的非侵袭性手段。研究者根据生物技术和生物工程原理，开展了大量基础和临床实验，积极探索超声波促进骨折愈合的机理。本文就目前超声波在新鲜骨折、骨折延迟愈合、骨不连的基础和临床研究中的不同应用中所积累的认识予以综述。尽管新近的实验研究证明低强度脉冲超声波可通过现代植入技术经骨应用以促进和监测骨折愈合过程，但目前低强度脉冲超声波仍以经皮方式应用。 关键词 低强度脉冲超声波 骨折愈合 骨不连 Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for bone healing:An overview LI Yan-ru ZHANG chang-jie. Department of rehabilitation,xiang ya second hospital,central south university,Changsha,410010,China [Abstract] Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound is a biophysical form of intervention in the facture-repair process,which existence form of acoustic pressure waves and have midget pressure effcetion at the fracture bone and surrounding tissue,which through several mechanisms accelerates healing of fractures and enhances callus formation in delayed unions and nonuions. In abstracto , ultrasound can take place of invariably stimulus of outside force,thus provid a non-invasive method to enhance bone healing.According to the biological technique and engineering princple,researchers have been carried out considerable basic science and clinical trials to explore the mechanism of the enhancement of fracture healing by ultrasound.The goal of this review is to present the current knowledge obtained from basic science and existing evidence from clinical trials with the different applications of ultrasound in the management of fractures,delayed unions,nonunions. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound is currently applied transcutaneoulsy,although recent experiment studies have proven the efficacy of a trans-osseous application for both enhancement and monitoring of the bone healing process with modern smart implant technologies. [Key words] Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound; fracture healing; nonunion 1950s研究者在干骨研究中发现骨在承受应力时其凹凸两侧可产生电位。骨的压电性质首先发表在日本的文献中，而最初在西方国家没有引起广泛影响[1]。但在矫形学中压电性